中药对糖尿病肾病肾脏炎症信号转导通路的调节作用及机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Regulatory Effects and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Renal Inflammatory Signal Transduction Pathways in Diabetic Nephropathy

摘要: 炎症损伤是糖尿病肾病(DKD)发生、发展的关键因素。核因子κB (NF-κB)、丝裂原激活蛋白激酶(MAPK)、NOD样受体蛋白3和Smads等信号转导通路是DKD炎症性肾损伤的重要机制，其中NF-κB通路发挥着关键作用。NF-κB通路激活后形成的炎症因子网络连接不同的信号通路，加剧肾脏炎症损伤。许多中药复方、单药、有效成分和活性成分可以调节与炎症损伤相关的信号通路中关键分子的表达，如转化生长因子-β激活激酶1、NF-κB、p38 MAPK、NOD样受体蛋白3和Smad7。这些疗法具有多靶点的特点，作用多重、交叉，可以通过多种机制治疗DKD肾脏炎症和损伤，应用了中医的“整体观”。

Abstract: Inflammatory injury is a key factor in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Signal transduction pathways such as nuclear factor κβ (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), NOD-like receptor protein 3, and Smads are important mechanisms of inflammatory renal injury in DDK, with the NF-κB pathway playing a crucial role. After the NF-κB pathway is activated, the formed inflammatory factor network connects different signaling pathways, exacerbating renal inflammatory injury. Many traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas, single herbs, effective components, and active ingredients can regulate the expression of key molecules in signaling pathways related to inflammatory injury, such as transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1, NF-κB, p38 MAPK, NOD-like receptor protein 3, and Smad7. These therapies have the characteristics of multiple targets, exerting multiple and cross effects, and can treat DDK renal inflammation and injury through various mechanisms, applying the “holistic view” of traditional Chinese medicine.