纳秒脉冲激光切割碳纤维增强塑料的数值模拟与实验研究

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic

摘要: 本文建立了纳秒脉冲激光切割碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)的多物理场仿真模型，分析了激光参数对CFRP的温度分布及加工结果的影响。通过对比不同脉冲重叠率对热影响区和切割深度的影响，确定了50%的脉冲重叠率可获得更优的加工结果。在实验部分，对CFRP进行了切割实验，验证了仿真结论。研究了在50%的脉冲重叠率下，不同脉冲能量密度对加工性能的影响。实验结果表明，当脉冲能量密度为203.8 J/cm²，激光扫描次数为18次时，切割效果最佳。研究结果为优化纳秒脉冲激光切割CFRP提供了有价值的理论见解和实践指导。

Abstract: This paper presents a multi-physics field simulation model for nanosecond pulsed laser cutting of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites to analyze the effects of laser parameters on the temperature distribution and processing outcomes of CFRP. By comparing the impact of different pulse overlap rates on the heat-affected zone and cutting depth, it was determined that a 50% pulse overlap rate yielded superior machining results. In the experimental section, cutting tests on CFRP were conducted to validate the simulation conclusions. The study examined the influence of varying pulse energy densities on machining performance under a 50% pulse overlap rate. Experimental results show that the optimal cutting effect is achieved when the pulse energy density is 203.8 J/cm², with 18 laser scans. These findings offer valuable theoretical insights and practical guidelines for optimizing nanosecond pulsed laser cutting of CFRP.