CaO2/Nitrobacteria-芦苇联合体系对黑臭水体的修复作用研究
Study on the Remediation Effect of the CaO2/Nitrobacteria-Reed Combined System on Black and Odorous Water Bodies
摘要: 黑臭水体底泥内源污染的有效治理是我国生态文明建设的重要工作。植物–微生物相结合以实现对黑臭水体及其底泥污染物的原位修复是当下的研究热点。本研究拟通过一种氧/菌缓释材料与芦苇联合修复体系对黑臭水体底泥进行原位处理，从而定向解决严格厌氧环境下生物修复难以启动这一问题。本研究结果表明：复合缓释材料与植物联合修复技术对黑臭水体底泥有机污染物、全氮、有效磷等展现出较好的去除效果，反应器运行30 d后，底泥中有机污染物、全氮、有效磷的去除率分别为70.91%、57.17%、89%。微生物高通量测序结果表明，缓释材料与芦苇体系出现对底泥环境C、N循环有显著促进作用的功能菌属，同时出现了P、S循环中的功能菌属，表明了缓释材料与植物体系完成了对黑臭水体底泥微生态环境的重塑。本研究为缓释材料–植物联合修复技术在黑臭水体底泥内源污染的修复方面提供了一定的理论和数据支撑。
Abstract: The effective remediation of endogenous pollution in the sediments of black and odorous water bodies is an important task in the construction of ecological civilization in China. The in-situ bioremediation technology that combines phytoremediation and microbial remediation has become a key focus of many researchers. This study aims to address the challenge of initiating bioremediation in strictly anaerobic environments by using an oxygen/microbe slow-release material in conjunction with reed plants for in-situ treatment of black and odorous water sediments. The results of this study show that the combined slow-release material and plant remediation technology exhibit good removal effects on organic pollutants, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus in black and odorous water sediments. After 30 days of reactor operation, the removal rates of organic pollutants, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus in the sediment were 70.91%, 57.17%, and 89%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing of microorganisms revealed that the slow-release material and reed system significantly promoted the C and N cycles in the sediment environment, while functional microbial taxa associated with the P and S cycles also appeared, indicating that the slow-release material and plant system successfully reshaped the sediment environment of the black and odorous water body. This study provides certain theoretical and data support for the application of slow-release material-plant combined remediation technology in the treatment of endogenous pollution in black and odorous water sediments.
文章引用：张子健, 韩松, 高晓远. CaO2/Nitrobacteria-芦苇联合体系对黑臭水体的修复作用研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2025, 15(4): 531-544. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2025.154060

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