“行”者常“知”：运动对执行功能的促进作用
Those Who “Act” Often “Know”: The Role of Exercise in Promoting Executive Function
摘要: 运动是影响个体执行功能的重要因素及干预方式。如何制定科学、安全、有效且针对性强的运动方案是促进执行功能的关键。基于以往文献总结运动类型的分类，运动强度、频率及周期的界定标准，并从这些运动要素出发全面梳理运动对不同群体执行功能及其子成分的干预效果。研究结果表明：30分钟中等强度的急性有氧运动，中/高频率(周)、30~60分钟/次、中等强度的短周期有氧运动，高强度间歇运动，运动–认知双任务训练以及抗阻运动都能够显著改善执行功能。不同类型运动对各类人群的执行功能及其子成分具有不同程度的促进作用。未来研究需要进一步统一运动强度的标准，综合运动各要素设计科学的运动干预方案探讨其效用，深入进行理论解释和整合。
Abstract: Exercise is an important factor and the mode of intervention affecting individual executive function. How to develop a scientific, safe, effective and targeted exercise program is the key to promoting executive function. Based on the previous literature, the classification of exercise types, the definition criteria of exercise intensity, frequency and cycle were summarized, and the intervention effects of exercise on executive function and its sub-components in different groups were comprehensively sorted out from these exercise elements. The results showed that 30 minutes of moderate-intensity acute aerobic exercise, moderate/high-frequency (week), 30~60 minutes/time, moderate-intensity short-cycle aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval exercise, exercise-cognitive dual task training and resistance exercise could significantly improve executive function. Different types of exercise have different degrees of promotion effect on the executive function and its sub-components of different types of people. In the future, it is necessary to further unify the standard of exercise intensity, comprehensively design a scientific exercise intervention program to explore its effectiveness, and carry out in-depth theoretical explanation and integration.
文章引用：冯子藤, 慕德芳 (2025). “行”者常“知”：运动对执行功能的促进作用. 心理学进展, 15(4), 713-724. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.154256

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