自尊与记忆的交互作用：从认知机制到临床应用
Interaction between Self-Esteem and Memory: From Cognitive Mechanisms to Clinical Applications
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2025.154258, PDF,   
作者: 张雅洁：西南大学认知与人格教育部重点实验室，重庆
关键词: 自尊；记忆；自我参照效应；情绪调节；认知负荷；Self-Esteem； Memory； Self-Reference Effect； Emotional Regulation； Cognitive Load
摘要: 自尊(self-esteem)是个体对自己价值的主观评价，与记忆过程的交互作用近年来成为心理学研究的热点。本文系统综述了自尊对自传体记忆、工作记忆和情绪记忆的影响，分析了支撑这些关系的理论框架，包括自我参照效应(Self-Reference Effect, SRE)、情绪调节理论和认知负荷理论。研究表明，高自尊个体倾向于选择性回忆积极事件并表现出更优的记忆表现，而低自尊个体可能因情绪干扰或自我否定而出现记忆偏差。本综述探讨了当前研究的局限性，如因果关系不清和文化差异不足，并对未来的研究进行了展望。
Abstract: Self-esteem (SE) is an individual’s subjective evaluation of his or her own value, and its interaction with memory processes has become a hot topic of psychological research in recent years. This paper systematically reviews the effects of self-esteem on autobiographical memory, working memory, and emotional memory, and analyzes the theoretical frameworks underpinning these relationships, including the Self-Reference Effect (SRE), emotion regulation theory, and cognitive load theory. Research suggests that individuals with high self-esteem tend to selectively recall positive events and show superior memory performance, whereas individuals with low self-esteem may experience memory biases due to emotional interference or self-denial. This review examines the limitations of the current research, such as unclear causality and insufficient cultural differences, and provides an outlook for future research.
文章引用：张雅洁 (2025). 自尊与记忆的交互作用：从认知机制到临床应用. 心理学进展, 15(4), 734-739. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.154258

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