足底筋膜炎型跟痛症的危险因素及发病机制研究进展

Research Progress on Risk Factors and Pathogenesis of Plantar Fasciitis Type Calcaneal Pain Syndrome

摘要: 足底筋膜炎(Plantar Fasciitis, PF)是最常见的跟痛症类型，约占全部跟痛症患者的80%，发病率约为10%~16%，男性高于女性。该病虽可自愈，但易复发，且易发展为慢性足底筋膜炎，严重影响患者的生活质量。研究表明，体重指数、职业因素、异常足弓、糖尿病等是足底筋膜炎的主要危险因素，生物力学失衡被认为是其发病的核心机制。肌筋膜链理论和肌筋膜触发点理论为改善生物力学结构提供了理论依据，有助于指导临床治疗。文章综述了足底筋膜炎的危险因素、发病机制及治疗进展，旨在为临床提供参考。

Abstract: Plantar Fasciitis (PF) is the most common type of calcaneal pain, accounting for about 80% of all calcaneal pain patients, with an incidence of about 10% to 16%, and men more than women. Although the disease can heal itself, it is easy to relapse and develop into chronic plantar fasciitis, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Studies have shown that body mass index, occupational factors, abnormal arches, and diabetes are the main risk factors of plantar fasciitis, and biomechanical imbalance is considered to be the core mechanism of its pathogenesis. Myofascial chain theory and myofascial trigger point theory provide a theoretical basis for improving biomechanical structure and help guide clinical treatment. This article reviews the risk factors, pathogenesis, and treatment progress of plantar fasciitis, aiming to provide a reference for the clinic.