八段锦第一式对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的影响

Effect of Baduanjin Type 1 on Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

摘要: 目的：探讨八段锦第一式“双手托天理三焦”对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能及多维度康复结局的影响。方法：采用随机对照试验设计，纳入60例稳定期COPD患者，随机分为常规组和实验组，各30例。干预2个月，对比两组干预前后肺功能指标(FEV₁、FVC、FEV₁/FVC)、6分钟步行试验(6-minute walking test, 6MWT)参数(心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)及圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分。结果：干预后，实验组与常规组FEV₁、FVC等肺功能指标与常规组无显著差异(均P > 0.05)；但实验组6MWT后心率、呼吸频率显著降低，血氧饱和度显著升高(均P < 0.05)；PSQI总分)与SGRQ评分亦显著改善(均P < 0.05)。结论：八段锦第一式虽未显著改善COPD患者肺功能核心指标，但可有效提升活动耐力、稳定血氧水平并优化睡眠与生活质量，其低强度、高依从性特征为重症患者运动康复提供了新策略。本研究为传统运动精准化应用于COPD康复提供了循证依据，未来需扩大样本量以验证长期效益。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of Baduanjin’s first style “two hands supporting heaven and three Jiao” on pulmonary function and multi-dimensional rehabilitation outcome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was used to include 60 patients with stable COPD who were randomly divided into routine group and experimental group, with 30 cases in each group. After 2 months of intervention, Pulmonary function indexes (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC), 6-minute walking test (6MWT) parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results: After intervention, there were no significant differences in FEV1 and FVC between the experimental group and the conventional group (P > 0.05). However, heart rate and respiratory rate were significantly decreased in the experimental group after 6MWT, and blood oxygen saturation was significantly increased (P < 0.05). PSQI total score and SGRQ score were also significantly improved (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although Baduanjin No. 1 formula did not significantly improve the core indexes of pulmonary function in COPD patients, it could effectively improve activity endurance, stabilize blood oxygen level, and optimize sleep and quality of life. Its low-intensity and high-compliance characteristics provided a new strategy for exercise rehabilitation in severely ill patients. This study provides an evidence-based basis for the precise application of traditional exercise in COPD rehabilitation, and the sample size needs to be expanded in the future to verify long-term benefits.