壳斗目植物多倍化数据管理系统研究与实现

Research and Implementation of a Polyploidy Data Management System for Fagales

摘要: 壳斗目植物生态价值与经济价值较高，部分壳斗目植物逐渐完成测序，并已有研究分析了多个影响壳斗目物种进化与功能创新的关键因素，多倍化在其中起着重要作用，对于理解壳斗目植物在生物学进化历史中的位置具有重要意义。本研究通过对壳斗目4个科12个物种的基因组数据进行分析，构建了一个在线数据库PCGB。在对壳斗目植物多倍化过程的研究中，使用数据库发现壳斗目植物除了被子植物共有的一次全基因组三倍乘事件之外，只有胡桃科的植物单独进行过一次全基因组加倍事件，其余科的物种并未产生多倍化事件。在对壳斗目植物进行同源结构分析、构建多基因组联合比对列表与绘制多基因组联合比对谱图后，发现该目植物在进化过程中产生了少量且不连续的基因丢失现象，并且个别科的物种发生了染色体重构。本研究为进一步探索壳斗目植物进化历史提供了指导，同时为壳斗目植物的进化历程研究提供了平台。

Abstract: Fagales plants possess high ecological and economic values. The genomes of some Fagales plants have been gradually sequenced, and previous studies have analyzed several key factors influencing the evolution and functional innovation of Fagales species, among which polyploidization plays a significant role and is crucial for understanding the position of Fagales plants in the history of biological evolution. In this study, we analyzed the genomic data of 12 species from four families of Fagales and constructed an online database named PCGB. In the study of the polyploidization process of Fagales plants, the database revealed that, apart from the whole-genome triplication event common to angiosperms, only plants in the Juglandaceae family have undergone a separate whole-genome duplication event, while species in the remaining families have not experienced any polyploidization events. After conducting homologous structure analysis, constructing a multi-genome joint alignment list, and drawing a multi-genome joint alignment spectrum for Fagales plants, it was found that there were a small number of discontinuous gene loss events during the evolutionary process of these plants, and chromosomal rearrangements occurred in some species of individual families. This study provides guidance for further exploration of the evolutionary history of Fagales plants and offers a platform for the research on their evolutionary journey.