龙川江流域土地利用变化和景观格局特征研究

Research on Land Use Change and Landscape Pattern Characteristics in the Longchuan River Basin

摘要: 本研究聚焦于龙川江流域，基于2003~2023年土地利用数据，运用GIS空间分析技术与景观生态学方法，深入探究其土地利用变化及景观格局特征。通过土地利用动态度计算和土地利用转移矩阵，表明研究时段内，龙川江流域内草地面积呈缩减态势，而林地、耕地和建设用地呈现扩张态势，并发现草地、林地和耕地三者之间存在转换关系。在景观格局方面，通过对景观数量、景观集聚、景观形状和景观多样性四个方面的景观格局指数分析，表明该研究区景观破碎化程度有所下降，部分区域斑块形状趋于简单，景观多样性减少，发现这种变化受自然因素与人类活动双重影响。本研究为龙川江流域的生态保护、土地资源合理规划及可持续发展提供了重要的科学依据。

Abstract: This study focuses on the Longchuan River Basin, and based on the land use data from 2003 to 2023, utilizes GIS spatial analysis techniques and landscape ecology methods to deeply explore its land use changes and landscape pattern characteristics. Through the calculation of land use dynamics and land use transfer matrix, it is shown that during the study period, the grassland area in Longchuan River Basin shows a shrinking trend, while the forest land, cultivated land and construction land show an expanding trend, and it is also found that there is a conversion relationship among grassland, forest land and cultivated land. In terms of landscape pattern, the analysis of landscape pattern indices in four aspects, namely, landscape quantity, landscape agglomeration, landscape shape and landscape diversity, showed that the degree of landscape fragmentation in this study area decreased, the shape of patches tended to be simpler in some areas, and the diversity of landscapes decreased, and it was found that this change was influenced by both natural factors and human activities. This study provides an important scientific basis for the ecological protection, rational planning of land resources and sustainable development of Longchuan River Basin.