肠道菌群在造血干细胞移植中的研究进展
Advances in Gut Microbiota Research during Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
摘要: 造血干细胞移植(Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, HSCT)作为治疗恶性血液病的重要手段，其临床疗效与患者免疫重建及并发症管理密切相关。近年来，肠道菌群在HSCT中的作用逐渐成为研究热点。本文系统综述了肠道菌群构成与HSCT预后的关联，通过分析HSCT前后患者肠道菌群的特征，为临床预防和治疗策略提供依据。而基于调节肠道菌群组成和功能的干预措施，有望重建肠道微生态平衡，降低移植相关并发症的发生率和严重程度，为HSCT患者的治疗开辟了新途径。通过研究肠道菌群如何通过调节免疫细胞的分化和功能，为新型治疗靶点提供思路，最终提高HSCT患者的生存率和生活质量。然而，当前研究仍面临菌群调控标准化方案缺乏、个体差异显著及长期安全性评估不足等挑战。未来需结合多组学技术及临床队列研究，深入解析肠道菌群与宿主免疫系统的相互作用，为HSCT精准诊疗提供新策略。
Abstract: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a critical treatment for malignant hematological disorders, with its clinical outcomes closely intertwined with immune reconstitution and complication management. Recent advances have highlighted the gut microbiota as a focal point in HSCT research. This review evaluates the association between gut microbiota composition and HSCT outcomes, analyzing pre- and post-transplant microbial profiles to inform clinical prevention and intervention strategies. Modulating gut microbiota composition and function shows promise in restoring intestinal homeostasis, reducing transplant-related complications, and paving novel therapeutic avenues for HSCT patients. Mechanistic insights into microbiota-mediated regulation of immune cell differentiation further identify potential therapeutic targets, ultimately improving survival and quality of life. However, current challenges include the absence of standardized microbiota modulation protocols, significant interpatient variability, and limited long-term safety assessments. Future investigations integrating multi-omics approaches and large-scale clinical cohorts are essential to elucidate host-microbiota interactions, thereby advancing precision medicine strategies for HSCT.
文章引用：黄梦婷, 石威, 方峻. 肠道菌群在造血干细胞移植中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(4): 3209-3217. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1541288

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