厦门市交通拥堵的多元成因与综合治理策略研究

A Study on the Multiple Causes and Integrated Governance Strategies of Urban Traffic Congestion in Xiamen

摘要: 随着我国经济社会的快速发展和城市化水平的不断提升，交通需求持续增长，机动车保有量大幅上升，交通拥堵问题日益突出，已成为制约城市可持续发展的核心挑战。本文以厦门市为案例，系统分析其交通拥堵的结构性成因，指出“岛–陆复合型”空间结构导致跨海通道形成瓶颈，旅游高峰与通勤流重叠、“职住分离”带来的潮汐通勤等问题是造成城市交通运行紧张的关键因素。文章结合新加坡“需求管理 + 系统协同”的治理经验，指出厦门在交通调控、公共交通衔接与旅游管理等方面存在短板，提出包括设立区域性拥堵收费机制、完善“旅游–交通”联动体系、推进公共交通“微网化”更新和建立一体化交通治理平台等对策建议。研究旨在为同类型城市在应对结构性拥堵难题与实现交通系统韧性治理方面，提供有针对性的理论支持与实践路径。

Abstract: With the rapid development of China’s economy and the continuous advancement of urbanization, transportation demand has increased sharply, accompanied by a significant rise in motor vehicle ownership. As a result, traffic congestion has emerged as a critical challenge to sustainable urban development. This study takes Xiamen as a case to systematically examine the structural causes of urban traffic congestion. It identifies key contributing factors such as the “island-mainland composite” spatial structure that creates cross-sea transportation bottlenecks, the spatial-temporal overlap between tourism peaks and commuter flows, and the “jobs-housing imbalance” that intensifies tidal commuting pressure. Drawing on Singapore’s experience in “demand-side management + system-level coordination,” the paper highlights several shortcomings in Xiamen’s current traffic governance, including insufficient demand regulation, inadequate public transport integration, and limited response to tourism-induced surges. Accordingly, the study proposes targeted strategies such as the introduction of area-based congestion pricing, the development of an integrated “tourism-transport” coordination mechanism, the micro-level optimization of public transport systems, and the establishment of a unified traffic governance platform. The findings aim to offer theoretical insights and practical pathways for cities with similar characteristics to address structural congestion and build resilient urban transport systems.