地方本科高校学生企业实习权益保障研究

Research on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Local Undergraduate Students during Enterprise Internships

摘要: 在高等教育改革不断深化的当下，实习对于地方本科高校应用型人才的培养意义重大。然而，学生实习权益受侵犯现象频发，严重干扰实习教学。此问题凸显出实习前期预防机制的缺陷，如实习协议保障性欠佳、宣传教育流于形式；实习过程中权益保护不力，涵盖高校管理松散、企业责任缺失；权益受损后救济途径不畅，包括学校协助维权不足、学生维权意识与能力薄弱。究其原因，存在实习权益保障认知偏差，高校侧重外在指标，企业未正确认知实习生身份且过度追逐利润；制度建设短板与落实不力，缺乏系统保障制度且现有制度执行不佳；实习主体关系失衡及教学监督复杂，实习企业与高校主导，学生弱势，且实习岗位分散、校企合作不紧密。基于此，应构建完善法律制度，政府运用财政扶持，设立专项基金与补贴；完善实习协议制度，明确各方权利义务；强化监察管理制度，明确企业、学校及社会监督管理职责，以此切实保障地方本科高校学生的实习权益，促进实习教育有序开展。

Abstract: In the current context of deepening higher education reform, internships in local undergraduate universities are of great significance for cultivating applied talents. However, the frequent infringement of students’ internship rights seriously interferes with internship teaching. This issue highlights the shortcomings of the pre-internship prevention mechanism, such as inadequate guarantee of internship agreements and superficial publicity and education; Insufficient protection of rights and interests during the internship process, including loose management in universities and lack of corporate responsibility; After the rights are damaged, the relief channels are not smooth, including insufficient assistance from schools to protect their rights, and weak awareness and ability of students to protect their rights. To investigate the reasons, there is a cognitive bias in the protection of internship rights, with universities focusing on external indicators and companies not correctly recognizing the identity of interns and excessively pursuing profits; Shortcomings and ineffective implementation of institutional construction, lack of systematic guarantee system, and poor execution of existing systems; The imbalance of internship subject relationships and complex teaching supervision, with internship enterprises and universities leading the way, students being disadvantaged, and internship positions scattered and school-enterprise cooperation not close. Based on this, a sound legal system should be established, and the government should use financial support to set up special funds and subsidies; Improve the internship agreement system and clarify the rights and obligations of all parties involved; Strengthen the supervision and management system, clarify the supervision and management responsibilities of enterprises, schools, and society, in order to effectively protect the internship rights and interests of local undergraduate students and promote the orderly development of internship education.