好氧反硝化菌株强化人工湿地脱氮效能研究
Study on Aerobic Denitrification Bacterial Strains to Enhance Denitrification Efficiency in Constructed Wetlands
DOI: 10.12677/aep.2025.154068, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 王 佳, 杨 涵, 高 斐, 姚 琼：兰州新区城市矿产循环产业发展有限公司，甘肃 兰州；陈 磊：甘肃东兴嘉宇新材料有限公司，甘肃 嘉峪关
关键词: 人工湿地；生物强化；好氧反硝化；脱氮；根际微生物；Constructed Wetland； Bioaugmentation； Aerobic Denitrification； Denitrification； Rhizosphere Microorganisms
摘要: 为了提高冬季人工湿地脱氮效率，本研究采用添加好氧反硝化菌Pseudomonas silesiensis JL1的方式强化人工湿地对氮污染物处理。研究结果表明，外源菌液的添加有效提高了人工湿地对氨氮、硝氮、总氮的去除效率，即使平均气温下降至−1.8℃，各形态氮平均去除率均分别达到97.03%、92.97%和91.63%。通过微生物生信分析发现：外源菌液的添加增加了Pseudomonas、Azoarcus和Hydrogenophaga物种的丰度。同时促进了参与硝化过程(amoA, amoB, amoC)和反硝化过程(narG, narH, narI, napA, napB, nirS, norB)相关基因的表达。研究证实通过添加外源菌液可有效增强人工湿地的低温脱氮能力，为寒冷地区污水生态处理系统优化提供了创新性解决方案。
Abstract: In order to improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of constructed wetlands in winter, this study used the addition of aerobic denitrification bacteria Pseudomonas silesis JL1 to strengthen the treatment of nitrogen pollutants in constructed wetlands. The research results show that the addition of exogenous bacterial solution effectively improves the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen in the constructed wetland. Even if the average temperature drops to −1.8˚C, the average removal rates of all forms of nitrogen reach 97.03%, 92.97% and 91.63% respectively. Microbial bioassay found that the addition of exogenous bacterial liquid increased the abundance of Pseudomonas, Azoarcus and Hydrogenophaga species. It also promotes the expression of genes involved in the nitrification process (amoA, amoB, amoC) and denitrification process (narG, narH, narI, napA, napB, nirS, norB). Research has confirmed that the low-temperature denitrification capacity of constructed wetlands can be effectively enhanced by adding exogenous bacterial liquid, providing innovative solutions for optimizing sewage ecological treatment systems in cold areas.
文章引用：王佳, 杨涵, 陈磊, 高斐, 姚琼. 好氧反硝化菌株强化人工湿地脱氮效能研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2025, 15(4): 602-609. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2025.154068

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