周细胞在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展
Research Progress on Pericytes in Central Nervous System Diseases
摘要: 周细胞作为神经血管单元(NVU)的核心成分,在维持中枢神经系统(CNS)稳态中具有不可替代的地位。其独特的解剖学定位(包裹脑毛细血管基底膜)使其成为连接中枢神经系统与循环系统的关键界面,通过调控血脑屏障(BBB)选择性通透、脑血流分布及神经代谢支持,保障神经元功能完整性。周细胞缺失或功能异常与多种CNS疾病的发生发展密切相关,周细胞在不同脑区及病理状态下表现出显著异质性,其功能失调可能成为CNS疾病精准治疗的关键靶点。本文系统梳理周细胞在CNS中的重要性,重点探讨其在疾病发生中的核心作用及作为治疗靶点的潜力,为相关领域研究提供理论依据。
Abstract: As a core component of the neurovascular unit (NVU), pericytes play an irreplaceable role in maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Their unique anatomical location, wrapping around the basement membrane of brain capillaries, positions them as a critical interface connecting the CNS and circulatory system. Through regulating blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, cerebral blood flow distribution, and neuro-metabolic support, pericytes ensure neuronal functional integrity. Pericyte loss or dysfunction is closely associated with the pathogenesis of multiple CNS disorders. Notably, pericytes exhibit significant heterogeneity across brain regions and pathological states, making their functional dysregulation a potential key target for precision therapy in CNS diseases. This review systematically summarizes the importance of pericytes in the CNS, focusing on their core roles in disease development and therapeutic potential, providing a theoretical foundation for future research in this field.
文章引用:潘浩, 杨晓帆, 杨光路. 周细胞在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(4): 3357-3368. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1541306

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