阿拉伯语与汉语的形容词对比分析

A Comparative Analysis of Adjectives in Arabic and Chinese

摘要: 在一切语言中，形容词是除动词、名词外最主要的词汇，而且其在定语、状语等方面起着很大的作用，能使人的语言表现得更形象、更生动。所以，在词类学中，形容词和它的用法是一个很重要的方面。但是，在跨语种的比较研究中，对形容词的分析却是相对滞后的。这主要是因为，在进行跨语言研究时，通常对两种语言都有较高的要求，而且，目前学术界对于句法的研究相对于词类的研究更多一些，而对于形容词来说，由于其语义复杂多变，所以很少有人对其进行深入研究。本文通过对阿拉伯语和汉语中形容词的对比分析，探讨了两种语言中形容词的共性和不同之处。

Abstract: In all languages, adjectives are among the most essential lexical categories after verbs and nouns. They play a significant role in modifying nouns and adverbs, enriching language expression with vividness and imagery. Therefore, in lexical studies, adjectives and their usage constitute a crucial aspect. However, in cross-linguistic comparative research, the analysis of adjectives has been relatively underdeveloped. This is primarily because cross-linguistic studies demand a high level of proficiency in both languages, and the academic focus has predominantly been on syntactic research rather than lexical studies. Adjectives, due to their complex and variable semantics, have rarely been subjected to in-depth investigation. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of adjectives in Arabic and Chinese, exploring the similarities and differences between the two languages in this regard.