基于近场条件下的单天线干涉逆合成孔径雷达成像
Single-Antenna Interferometric Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging Based on Near-Field Conditions
摘要: 与二维逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)图像相比，高分辨率三维图像不仅反映了目标的几何结构分布，而且对目标姿态的变化不敏感，可以为目标识别提供更全面、更稳定的目标形状和结构信息。然而，在近场条件下，平面波假设失效，会造成传统成像算法的失真和散焦，导致三维ISAR图像质量较差。为了解决这个问题，提出了一种在近场和单基线条件下的干涉逆合成孔径雷达(InISAR)成像方法，首先，采用极坐标格式算法(PFA)获得初始的二维图像，然后，对初始的二维图像进行波前曲率误差校正，来获得精确的散射体的垂直和水平坐标，最后通过干涉处理可以获得目标的高度坐标。仿真实验表明，该方法可以在简易的系统结构下，实现近场条件下空间目标的高分辨率三维成像。
Abstract: Compared with the two-dimensional inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image, the high-resolution three-dimensional image not only reflects the geometric structure distribution of the target, but also is insensitive to the change of the target attitude, which can provide more comprehensive and stable information of the target shape and structure for the target recognition. However, in near-field conditions, the invalidation of the plane wave hypothesis will cause distortion and defocusing of traditional imaging algorithms, resulting in poor quality of 3D ISAR images. To solve this problem, an interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar (In-ISAR) imaging method is proposed under near-field and single baseline conditions. First, the po-lar coordinate format algorithm (PFA) is used to obtain the initial two-dimensional image, and then the wavefront curvature error is corrected to obtain the accurate vertical and horizontal coordinates of the scatterer. Finally, the altitude coordinates of the target can be obtained by interference processing. Simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve high-resolution 3D imaging of space objects in near-field conditions with simple system structure.
文章引用：王秋艳, 马慧连. 基于近场条件下的单天线干涉逆合成孔径雷达成像[J]. 建模与仿真, 2025, 14(4): 1120-1133. https://doi.org/10.12677/mos.2025.144359

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