中国相亲节目中老年人形象的话语建构研究

Study on the Discursive Construction of Elderly Images in Chinese Dating Shows

摘要: 本研究以中国相亲节目中的老年人话语作为语料，考察老年人使用的话语策略及其构建的老年人形象，旨在探索人口老龄化背景下单身老人的真实形象。研究发现中国相亲节目中，老年人通过命名策略、述谓策略、视角化策略、强化/弱化策略、论证策略五大策略建构老年人四类形象：孤独脆弱的无助者、老有所为的奉献者、务实知足的生存者和热爱生活的乐居者。这些形象不仅可以反映老年人在相亲节目中的自我呈现，也揭示了他们在社会变迁中的真实状态。

Abstract: Utilizing the discourse of the elderly in Chinese dating shows as a corpus, this study examines the discourse strategies used by the elderly and the image they construct, aiming to explore the authentic images of single elderly under the background of population aging. The research reveals that in Chinese dating shows, elderly participants explore five main discourse strategies—referential, predication, perspectivization, intensification/mitigation, and argumentation strategies—to construct four types of images: lonely and helpless individuals, accomplished elderly, actively engaged individuals, pragmatic survivors. These images not only reflect the self-presentation of the elderly in the context of dating shows, but also reveal their real states amidst social changes.