色氨酸相关代谢产物在帕金森病中的研究进展

Research Progress of Tryptophan-Related Metabolites in Parkinson’s Disease

摘要: 研究表明色氨酸代谢异常会影响神经功能，参与帕金森病(PD)的发生发展。本文综述了色氨酸三大代谢物途径，包括犬尿氨酸途径、血清素途径和吲哚代谢途径在PD进展中的作用。通过综合探讨色氨酸从饮食摄入，到肠道微生物分解，再到各种限速酶代谢合成，最终产生犬尿酸类、5-羟色胺和吲哚类物质，参与神经炎症、代谢、免疫反应和神经功能等病理生理过程，清晰地阐述不同代谢物调节PD发病的生物学作用及潜在机制。我们建议，对微生物组、色氨酸–犬尿氨酸途径代谢物和芳香烃受体的综合分析将有助于揭示PD发病的新机制，为PD的早期诊断和病情监测提供新思路。

Abstract: Studies have shown that abnormal tryptophan metabolism can affect neurological function and participate in the occurrence and development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This article reviews the roles of three major metabolite pathways, including kynurenine pathway, serotonin pathway, and indole metabolic pathway, in the progression of PD. By comprehensively exploring the pathophysiological processes of neuroinflammation, metabolism, immune response and neurological function, the biological role and potential mechanism of different metabolites in regulating the pathogenesis of PD were clearly elaborated by comprehensively exploring the pathophysiological processes of tryptophan from dietary intake, intestinal microbial decomposition, and then to the metabolism and synthesis of various rate-limiting enzymes, and finally producing kynuculin, serotonin, and indole, which are involved in neuroinflammation, metabolism, immune response, and neurological function. We suggest that a comprehensive analysis of the microbiome, tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites, and aryl hydrocarbon receptors will help to reveal new mechanisms of PD pathogenesis and provide new ideas for early diagnosis and disease monitoring of PD.