公交站点和物流网点协同选址与物流路线协同优化研究

Research on Collaborative Site Selection and Logistics Route Optimization of Bus Stations and Logistics Outlets

摘要: 针对城市公交与物流系统独立运行导致的资源浪费问题，本研究提出协同优化策略：将公交站点改造为客货一体节点，构建多中心物流网络，利用公交空闲运力实现货物中转。通过双层路径优化模型，结合遗传算法与模拟退火算法，设计路径优化策略，同步精简冗余物流网点。仿真实验表明：优化后总成本降低14.93%，运输成本降幅达22.32%。结果表明，合理匹配车辆容量与节点布局可显著提升效率，混合算法有效避免局部最优。该方案为城市客货协同运输提供低成本、高可行性的解决方案。

Abstract: In response to the problem of resource waste caused by the independent operation of urban public transportation and logistics systems, this study proposes a collaborative optimization strategy: transforming public transportation stations into integrated passenger and freight nodes, constructing a multi center logistics network, and utilizing idle public transportation capacity to achieve cargo transfer. By using a dual layer path optimization model, combined with genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, a path optimization strategy is designed to simultaneously streamline redundant logistics outlets. Simulation experiments show that after optimization, the total cost is reduced by 14.93%, and the transportation cost is reduced by 22.32%. The results indicate that reasonable matching of vehicle capacity and node layout can significantly improve efficiency, and the hybrid algorithm effectively avoids local optima. This solution provides a low-cost and highly feasible solution for urban passenger and freight collaborative transportation.