2000~2021年鄂尔多斯市生态环境质量变化分析

Analysis on the Change of Ecological Environment Quality in Ordos City from 2000 to 2021

摘要: 本文结合遥感方法分析内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市的生态环境质量变化，为该区生态保护提供理论依据。以鄂尔多斯市2000~2021年22期Landsat系列影像为数据源，提取绿度、湿度、干度和热度4个指数，通过主成分分析耦合出遥感生态指数(RSEI)，对鄂尔多斯市生态环境质量进行监测和评价。结果表明，22a鄂尔多斯市RSEI指数呈明显改善趋势，遥感生态指数RSEI从0.279提高到0.581，改善的区域面积明显大于变差的面积。改善的区域主要分布在鄂尔多斯市东部和南部。生态环境恶化的区域主要集中在杭锦旗北部地区。地理探测器单因子评价结果显示蒸散量和年降雨量对鄂尔多斯市的生态环境质量起重要影响；而蒸散量、年降水量和土壤盐度与其他各因子的交互作用对鄂尔多斯市的生态环境质量起重要影响。

Abstract: This paper analyzes the change of ecological environment quality in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region by using remote sensing method, and provides theoretical basis for ecological protection in this area. Using Landsat series images of Ordos City from 2000 to 2022 as data sources, four indices of greenness, humidity, dryness and heat were extracted, and remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was coupled through principal component analysis to monitor and evaluate the ecological environment quality of Ordos City. The results show that the RSEI index of Erdos City shows an obvious improvement trend in 22a, and the RSEI of remote sensing ecological index increases from 0.279 to 0.581, and the area of improvement is obviously larger than that of deterioration. The improvement areas are mainly distributed in the east and south of Ordos City. The deterioration of ecological environment is mainly concentrated in the northern part of Hangjin Banner. The results of single factor evaluation by geographic detector show that evapotranspiration and annual rainfall have important effects on the ecological environment quality of Ordos City. The interaction of evapotranspiration, annual precipitation, soil salinity and other factors has an important impact on the ecological environment quality of Ordos City.