话语标记语BUT的人际元语用解读

The Interpersonal Metapragmatic Interpretation of Discourse Marker BUT

摘要: BUT作为一种话语标记语，常用来衔接相反观点，但在一些人际互动语境下，它常用来提示异议或否认等行为，具有人际语用功能。本文以自然会话为语料，运用人际元语用分析框架，统计BUT与对象层面的位置关系，考察话语标记语BUT相对于对象层面所发挥的元语用功能。研究发现，当对象层面的语用属性为表达反对、偏见或质疑等时，话语标记语BUT发挥元语用强化功能，进一步解构和谐关系；而当对象层面的语用属性为表达感激等时，话语标记语BUT则发挥元语用缓和功能，进一步维护和谐关系。本文拓展了单层性话语的人际语用研究范围。

Abstract: BUT, as a discourse marker, is frequently employed to bridge opposing viewpoints, yet within certain interpersonal interaction contexts, it often serves to signal dissent or negation, thereby embodying interpersonal pragmatic functions. This paper, utilizing naturally occurring conversational data, employs an interpersonal metapragmatic analytical framework to examine the positional relationship between BUT and the object level. It investigates the metapragmatic functions exerted by the discourse marker BUT in relation to the object level. The study reveals that when the pragmatic attributes of the object level pertain to expressing opposition, bias, or doubt, the discourse marker BUT performs a metapragmatic reinforcing function, further deconstructing harmonious relationships. Conversely, when the pragmatic attributes of the object level involve expressing gratitude, the marker BUT engages in a metapragmatic mitigating function, thereby further upholding harmonious relationships. This paper extends the scope of interpersonal pragmatic research concerning single-layered discourse.