颜色的语用关系影响颜色认知

The Pragmatic Relationship of Colors Influences Color Perception

摘要: 在汉语中，绿、黄、蓝都各有语言标签，但在日常使用中，受古代农耕文明的影响，“绿”与“黄”比“绿”与“蓝”的使用更为密切，“绿”与“黄”有更多的联合表达。采用颜色相似性判断和颜色再认任务，考察汉族大学生对“绿–黄”色对和“蓝–绿”色对的认知，探讨语用关系对颜色认知的影响。结果表明，语用关系与直观色觉判断的一致性影响汉族母语者颜色认知的反应时，同时在再认任务中，颜色的语言标签有利于被试更好地完成实验。整个研究表明，语用关系中所反映出来的颜色类别差异影响颜色认知，这种类别差异往往与直观的视觉辨认差异相一致，此外语言对颜色认知存在直接效应作用。

Abstract: In Chinese, the colors green, yellow, and blue each have their own linguistic labels. However, influenced by ancient agrarian civilization, the use of “green” and “yellow” is more closely related than that of “green” and “blue,” with more combined expressions involving “green” and “yellow”. This study investigates the cognitive processing of the “green-yellow” and “blue-green” color pairs among Han Chinese college students through color similarity judgment and color recognition tasks, exploring the impact of pragmatic relationships on color cognition. The results indicate that the consistency between pragmatic relationships and intuitive color perception affects the reaction time of color cognition among native Han Chinese speakers. Moreover, in the recognition task, the linguistic labels of colors facilitate better task performance by participants. The overall study demonstrates that the color category differences reflected in pragmatic relationships influence color cognition, which often aligns with intuitive visual discrimination differences. Additionally, language exerts a direct effect on color cognition.