从“吾丧我”到“无为而治”——庄子对自我中心主义的破除与超越

From “Wu Sang Wo” to “Wu Wei Er Zhi”—Zhuang Zi’s Breaking and Surpassing of Egocentrism

摘要: 在庄子哲学体系中，“吾丧我”与“无为而治”是两个相辅相成、相互映照的核心概念，通过二者的相互呼应，庄子构建了一个涵盖个体乃至社会的全面哲学体系。本文旨在探讨《庄子》中“吾丧我”与“无为而治”两个核心概念，揭示庄子哲学如何从个体与社会群体层面破除与超越自我中心主义。“吾丧我”是庄子哲学中个体自我超越的关键，它要求个体摒弃成见、偏见和我执，与宇宙万物和谐共融，实现精神自由。而“无为而治”则是庄子社会治理的哲学原则，主张顺应自然、尊重民意，放弃人为的强制与干预，让事物遵循内在的自然规律自由发展，以消除自我中心主义带来的破坏，实现社会的自然、和谐、有序状态。从“吾丧我”到“无为而治”，庄子实现了对自我中心主义的彻底摒弃，为人们提供了一个超越个体局限、融入宇宙整体的精神路径。

Abstract: In Zhuangzi’s philosophical system, “Wu sang wo” and “Wu wei er zhi” are two core concepts that complement each other and reflect each other. Through the mutual echo of the two, Zhuangzi has constructed a comprehensive philosophical system covering individuals and society. This paper aims to explore the two core concepts of “Wu sang wo” and “Wu wei er zhi” in Zhuangzi, and reveal how Zhuangzi’s philosophy breaks and transcends egocentrism from the individual and social group levels. “Wu sang wo” is the key to individual self-transcendence in Zhuangzi’s philosophy. It requires individuals to abandon prejudices, prejudices and egoism, and to integrate harmoniously with all things in the universe to achieve spiritual freedom. “Wu wei er zhi” is the philosophical principle of Chuang Tzu’s social governance, which advocates conforming to nature, respecting public opinion, giving up man-made coercion and intervention, and letting things follow the inherent natural laws to develop freely, so as to eliminate the damage caused by egocentrism and realize the natural, harmonious and orderly state of society. From “Wu sang wo” to “Wu wei er zhi”, Zhuangzi realized the complete abandonment of egocentrism and provided a spiritual path for people to transcend individual limitations and integrate into the universe as a whole.