知识翻译学视角下的译者主体性阐释——以《古文字趣谈》为例

The Subjectivity of the Translator from the Perspective of Transknowletology—A Case Study of “A Fascinating Talk on Deciphering Ancient Chinese Characters”

摘要: 本文以知识翻译学理论为框架，以《古文字趣谈》中“鸟、虫、鱼”部象形文字为例，系统阐释译者主体性在古文字跨语际传播中的多维运作机制。通过构建“知识考古(真)–文化协商(善)–审美重构(美)”三维分析模型，以“罗、蛊、渔”等典型甲骨文为样本，揭示译者在知识形态转化、文化价值调和与审美意蕴再生中的协同作用机制。研究表明：在知识考古维度，译者需通过文献考据与历史语境还原构建“形–义–史”知识体系，确保知识的科学性与真实性；在文化协商维度，通过术语创新、加注改写等策略实现文化势差调适；在审美重构维度，借助意象移植与修辞再造再现古文字审美特质。本研究为古文字翻译提供了可复制的符号阐释模型，对汉字文化国际传播具有理论创新与实践指导意义。

Abstract: This paper, based on the theory of Transknowletology, uses the “鸟(niǎo) (bird), 虫(chónɡ) (insect), and 鱼(yú) (fish)” pictographic characters in “A Fascinating Talk on Deciphering Ancient Chinese Characters” as an example to systematically explain the multidimensional operational mechanism of the translator’s subjectivity in the cross-linguistic transmission of ancient scripts. By constructing a three-dimensional analytical model of “Knowledge Archaeology (Truth)—Cultural Negotiation (Good)—Aesthetic Reconstruction (Beauty),” and taking typical oracle bone characters such as “罗(luó), 蛊(ɡǔ), 渔(yú)” as samples, this study reveals the collaborative role of the translator in the transformation of knowledge forms, reconciliation of cultural values, and the regeneration of aesthetic meanings. The research shows that, within the dimension of knowledge archaeology, the translator needs to build a “form-meaning-history” knowledge system through textual research and historical contextualization to ensure the scientific and factual accuracy of the knowledge. In cultural negotiation, strategies such as terminological innovation and annotation rewriting are employed to adjust cultural disparities. In the dimension of aesthetic reconstruction, the aesthetic features of ancient characters are recreated through image transplantation and rhetorical reconstruction. This study provides a replicable symbolic interpretation model for translating ancient characters and offers theoretical innovation and practical guidance for the international dissemination of Chinese character culture.