分子盾牌的二十年征程——从抗氧化先锋到跨学科治疗新星——近二十年国内外关于Trolox的药理作用研究综述

20 Years of the Molecular Shield: From Antioxidant Pioneer to Interdisciplinary Therapeutic Star—Review of Research on Pharmacological Actions of Trolox Domestic and Abroad in the Past Two Decades

摘要: 本文系统研究了奎诺二甲基丙烯酸(Trolox)的药理作用，全面阐述了其在抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护、心血管保护以及抗肿瘤和抗糖尿病等方面的药理机制和应用前景。通过细胞实验和动物模型的验证，发现Trolox不仅能够有效清除活性氧，抑制氧化应激引起的细胞损伤，还能显著减轻炎症反应，减少炎症介质的释放和炎症细胞的浸润。此外，Trolox在神经保护方面表现出抑制神经元凋亡和坏死的潜力，同时在心血管保护方面能够降低血脂水平和抑制动脉粥样硬化的形成。抗肿瘤和抗糖尿病方面的初步研究也揭示了Trolox的潜在药理作用。尽管Trolox的临床应用仍面临药代动力学特性、长期安全性和药物相互作用等挑战，但其独特的多重药理作用为新药开发提供了广阔前景。未来研究应聚焦于Trolox的具体作用机制、药物相互作用及临床试验，以推动其在临床治疗中的广泛应用。

Abstract: This paper systematically studied the pharmacological effects of Trolox, and comprehensively expounded its pharmacological mechanism and application prospects in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protection, anti-tumor and anti-diabetes. Through cell experiments and animal models, it was found that Trolox not only effectively removes reactive oxygen species and inhibits cell damage caused by oxidative stress, but also significantly reduces inflammatory reactions, decreases the release of inflammatory mediators, and reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells. In addition, Trolox has the potential to inhibit neuronal apoptosis and necrosis in terms of neuroprotection, and can reduce the level of blood lipids and inhibit the formation of atherosclerosis in terms of cardiovascular protection. Preliminary studies on anti-tumor and anti-diabetes have also revealed the potential pharmacological effects of Trolox. Although the clinical application of Trolox still faces challenges such as pharmacokinetic properties, long-term safety, and drug interactions, its unique multiple pharmacological effects provide broad prospects for new drug development. Future research should focus on the specific mechanism of action, drug interactions, and clinical trials of Trolox to promote its widespread application in clinical treatment.