基于压电效应和指端动脉压力模型的指端动脉脉搏波最优检测方法

Optimal Detection Method for Pulse Wave in Finger Arteries Based on Piezoelectric Effect and Finger Arterial Pressure Model

摘要: 心血管疾病是导致每年全球死亡人数最多的病因。指端动脉压力脉搏波可以提供有关心血管系统功能的信息，对心血管疾病的研究具有重要的生理学和临床意义。为了准确地测量指端动脉压力脉搏波信号，文章设计了一个基于压电效应和指端动脉压力模型的指端动脉脉搏波最优检测方法，同时，为了保证测量结果具有良好的准确性、稳定性和一致性，还设计了一个专用于本方法的压电传感指套。首先，通过压电效应和指端脉搏波形成原理，建立了电荷源等效模型和指端脉搏波的双弹性腔等效电路模型，分析双弹性腔等效电路模型得到指端脉搏波的信号特征点；接着，利用扁平张力法获取不同受试者的最佳取脉压力值，以提高后续测量的灵敏度；随后，通过电荷源模型分析和脉搏波的信号特征点设计了信号调理和采集电路；最后，经过实验仿真与分析，对比波形特征点的位置，得到的仿真结果与理论推导相符；将测量到的指端动脉脉搏波信号与采用示波器显示的脉搏波信号进行对比分析，发现脉搏波波形特征点一致，实现了对脉搏波信号的准确测量。

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the cause of the largest number of deaths worldwide each year. The finger-end arterial pressure pulse wave can provide information about the function of the cardiovascular system, which is physiologically and clinically important for the study of cardiovascular diseases. In order to accurately measure the fingertip arterial pressure pulse wave signal, this paper designs an optimal detection method of the fingertip arterial pulse wave based on the piezoelectric effect and the fingertip arterial pressure model and at the same time, in order to ensure that the measurement results have good accuracy, stability, and consistency, a piezoelectric sensing finger cuff dedicated to this method is designed. Firstly, through the piezoelectric effect and the principle of pulse wave formation at the fingertip, the charge source equivalent model and the double elastic cavity equivalent circuit model of the pulse wave at the fingertip were established, and the signal characteristic points of the pulse wave at the fingertip were obtained by analyzing the double elastic cavity equivalent circuit model; then, the optimal values of the pulse-taking pressures of different subjects were obtained by using the flat tension method in order to improve the sensitivity of the subsequent measurements; then, through the analysis of the charge source model and the pulse wave’s Then, the signal conditioning and acquisition circuits were designed through the charge source model analysis and the pulse wave signal characteristic points; finally, after the experimental simulation and analysis, the locations of the waveform characteristic points were compared, and the simulation results were in line with the theoretical derivation; the pulse wave signals of the finger-end arteries were compared and analyzed with those displayed by the oscilloscope, and the pulse wave characteristic points were consistent, so as to realize the accurate measurement of the pulse wave signals.