干眼症的病因病机及治疗新进展

New Progress in Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

摘要: 干眼是一种因泪液分泌不足、蒸发过多或泪液成分异常而引起的一种疾病。主要伴有眼部出现干涩、异物感、畏光、痒感及视物疲劳等症状。重度干眼可引起角膜表层损伤，并可出现角膜浑浊等严重后果。近几年来，随着人们的生活和工作环境的改变，以及环境污染的加剧，智能手机等电子产品的使用率越来越高，干眼病的发病率也在不断增加。目前在临床中，针对干眼的治疗主要采用玻璃酸钠滴眼液，具有良好的亲水性和成膜性，能与纤连蛋白结合，从而促进上皮细胞的连接与伸展，具有很强的保水性，有效地避免了角膜出现干燥，可以很好地缓解干眼病人的症状，但是，单靠药物治疗，疗效并不持久，不能从根本上解决本病。本研究采就中医治疗干眼的研究进展展开探讨，以期为此病的防治提供参考。

Abstract: Dry eye syndrome is a disease caused by insufficient secretion, excessive evaporation, or abnormal composition of tears. Mainly accompanied by symptoms such as dryness, foreign body sensation, photophobia, itching, and visual fatigue in the eyes. Severe dry eye can cause corneal surface damage and serious consequences such as corneal opacity. In recent years, with the change of people's living and working environment, as well as the aggravation of environmental pollution, the use rate of electronic products such as smart phones is increasing, and the incidence rate of dry eye disease is also increasing. At present, in clinical practice, sodium hyaluronate eye drops are mainly used for the treatment of dry eye syndrome, which have good hydrophilicity and film-forming properties, can bind with fibronectin, promote the connection and extension of epithelial cells, have strong water retention, effectively avoid corneal dryness, and can effectively alleviate the symptoms of dry eye patients. However, drug treatment alone is not long-lasting and cannot fundamentally solve this disease. This study explores the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in treating dry eye syndrome, in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease.