中药及其活性成分防治间质性肺疾病研究进展
Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Active Components in the Prevention and Treatment of Interstitial Lung Diseases
DOI: 10.12677/pi.2025.143023, PDF,   
作者: 张力元, 岳 孟, 张媛媛*：中国药科大学中药学院，江苏 南京；中国药科大学江苏省中药评价与转化重点实验室，江苏 南京
关键词: 间质性肺疾病；发病机制；中药防治；干预机制；Interstitial Lung Disease； Pathogenesis； Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine； Mechanism of Intervention
摘要: 间质性肺疾病(interstitial lung disease, ILD)是一组以肺间质炎症和纤维化为主要表现的异质性疾病，临床患者常见呼吸困难、咳嗽、异常疲倦、乏力等症状。该病病因复杂，临床表现缺乏特异性，影像、病理改变复杂多样，且缺乏针对性的预防和治疗手段。本文就近5年ILD的主要发病机制以及中药及其活性成分对ILD干预机制的实验研究情况进行综述，为深入研究中药抗ILD的作用机制提供参考和依据。
Abstract: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases with lung interstitial inflammation and fibrosis as the main manifestations, and clinical patients often have symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, abnormal tiredness, and fatigue. The etiology of the disease is complex, the clinical manifestations lack specificity, the imaging and pathological changes are complex and diverse, and there is a lack of targeted prevention and treatment methods. This article reviews the main pathogenesis of ILD and the experimental research on the intervention mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients on ILD in the past five years, so as to provide a reference and basis for in-depth research on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine against ILD.
文章引用：张力元, 岳孟, 张媛媛. 中药及其活性成分防治间质性肺疾病研究进展[J]. 药物资讯, 2025, 14(3): 188-200. https://doi.org/10.12677/pi.2025.143023

参考文献

[1] Wijsenbeek, M., Suzuki, A. and Maher, T.M. (2022) Interstitial Lung Diseases. The Lancet, 400, 769-786. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Shah Gupta, R., Koteci, A., Morgan, A., George, P.M. and Quint, J.K. (2023) Incidence and Prevalence of Interstitial Lung Diseases Worldwide: A Systematic Literature Review. BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 10, e001291. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] 陈相, 李耀浙, 傅扬扬, 等. 1990-2019年中国间质性肺疾病和肺结节病的疾病负担分析[J]. 疾病监测, 2023, 38(4): 473-480.
[4] Maher, T.M. (2024) Interstitial Lung Disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, 331, 1655. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] 刘丽云, 杨晓东, 赵娜. 间质性肺疾病的治疗研究进展[J]. 微量元素与健康研究, 2022, 39(5): 77-79.
[6] He, M., Yang, T., Zhou, J., Wang, R. and Li, X. (2024) A Real-World Study of Antifibrotic Drugs-Related Adverse Events Based on the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System and Vigi-Access Databases. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, Article 1310286. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Chow, T.G., Franzblau, L.E. and Khan, D.A. (2022) Adverse Reactions to Biologic Medications Used in Allergy and Immunology Diseases. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 22, 195-207. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Wang, H., Zhou, J., Guo, X., Li, Y., Duan, L., SI, X., et al. (2020) Use of Glucocorticoids in the Management of Immunotherapy-Related Adverse Effects. Thoracic Cancer, 11, 3047-3052. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Fathimath Muneesa, M., Shaikh, S.B., Jeena, T.M. and Bhandary, Y.P. (2021) Inflammatory Mediators in Various Molecular Pathways Involved in the Development of Pulmonary Fibrosis. International Immunopharmacology, 96, Article 107608. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Savin, I.A., Zenkova, M.A. and Sen’kova, A.V. (2022) Pulmonary Fibrosis as a Result of Acute Lung Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms, Relevant in Vivo Models, Prognostic and Therapeutic Approaches. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23, Article 14959. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Kadomoto, S., Izumi, K. and Mizokami, A. (2021) Macrophage Polarity and Disease Control. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23, Article 144. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Heukels, P., Moor, C.C., von der Thüsen, J.H., Wijsenbeek, M.S. and Kool, M. (2019) Inflammation and Immunity in IPF Pathogenesis and Treatment. Respiratory Medicine, 147, 79-91. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Yang, G., Yang, Y., Liu, Y. and Liu, X. (2023) Regulation of Alveolar Macrophage Death in Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Review. Apoptosis, 28, 1505-1519. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Wynn, T.A. (2004) Fibrotic Disease and the TH1/TH2 Paradigm. Nature Reviews Immunology, 4, 583-594. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Saito, A., Okazaki, H., Sugawara, I., Yamamoto, K. and Takizawa, H. (2003) Potential Action of IL-4 and IL-13 as Fibrogenic Factors on Lung Fibroblasts in Vitro. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 132, 168-176. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Walker, J.A. and McKenzie, A.N.J. (2017) TH2 Cell Development and Function. Nature Reviews Immunology, 18, 121-133. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] King, T.E., Albera, C., Bradford, W.Z., Costabel, U., Hormel, P., Lancaster, L., et al. (2009) Effect of Interferon Gamma-1b on Survival in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (INSPIRE): A Multi-Centre, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. The Lancet, 374, 222-228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Parker, J.M., Glaspole, I.N., Lancaster, L.H., Haddad, T.J., She, D., Roseti, S.L., et al. (2018) A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Study of Tralokinumab in Subjects with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 197, 94-103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Ballester, B., Milara, J. and Cortijo, J. (2019) Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Molecular Targets. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20, Article 593. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Stock, C.J.W., Michaeloudes, C., Leoni, P., Durham, A.L., Mumby, S., Wells, A.U., et al. (2019) Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) Protein Inhibition Restores Redox Balance and Inhibits Myofibroblast Activation. BioMed Research International, 2019, 1-11. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Otoupalova, E., Smith, S., Cheng, G. and Thannickal, V.J. (2020) Oxidative Stress in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Comprehensive Physiology, 10, 509-547. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[22] Degryse, A.L., Tanjore, H., Xu, X.C., Polosukhin, V.V., Jones, B.R., McMahon, F.B., et al. (2010) Repetitive Intratracheal Bleomycin Models Several Features of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 299, L442-L452. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Hashimoto, N., Phan, S.H., Imaizumi, K., Matsuo, M., Nakashima, H., Kawabe, T., et al. (2010) Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 43, 161-172. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Phan, T.H.G., Paliogiannis, P., Nasrallah, G.K., Giordo, R., Eid, A.H., Fois, A.G., et al. (2020) Emerging Cellular and Molecular Determinants of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 78, 2031-2057. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] 张丽冰, 赵娜, 农骐郢. 抑制肺上皮间质转化的抗纤维化药物研究进展[J]. 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志, 2023, 41(1): 72-77.
[26] Yun, E., Kook, Y., Yoo, K.H., Kim, K.I., Lee, M., Kim, J., et al. (2020) Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Vascular Diseases. Biomedicines, 8, Article 639. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Yao, C., Guan, X., Carraro, G., Parimon, T., Liu, X., Huang, G., et al. (2021) Senescence of Alveolar Type 2 Cells Drives Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 203, 707-717. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Lv, X., Liu, C., Liu, S., Li, Y., Wang, W., Li, K., et al. (2022) The Cell Cycle Inhibitor P21 Promotes the Development of Pulmonary Fibrosis by Suppressing Lung Alveolar Regeneration. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, 12, 735-746. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Zhou, S., Zhu, J., Zhou, P. and Gu, Y. (2022) Alveolar Type 2 Epithelial Cell Senescence and Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 10, Article 999600. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Li, H., Wu, M., Guo, C., Zhai, R. and Chen, J. (2022) Tanshinone IIA Regulates Keap1/Nrf2 Signal Pathway by Activating Sestrin2 to Restrain Pulmonary Fibrosis. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 50, 2125-2151. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Xue, Z., Zhao, F., Sang, X., Qiao, Y., Shao, R., Wang, Y., et al. (2021) Combination Therapy of Tanshinone IIA and Puerarin for Pulmonary Fibrosis via Targeting IL6-JAK2-STAT3/STAT1 Signaling Pathways. Phytotherapy Research, 35, 5883-5898. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Yang, J., Jiang, G., Ni, K., Fan, L., Tong, W. and Yang, J. (2022) Emodin Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Fibrosis through the c-MYC/miR-182-5p/ZEB2 Axis. Phytotherapy Research, 37, 926-934. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Wu, Y., Shi, W., Li, H., Liu, C., Shimizu, K., Li, R., et al. (2024) Specneuzhenide Improves Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice via AMPK-Dependent Reduction of Pd-l1. Phytomedicine, 128, Article 155318. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Lin, W., Song, Y., Li, T., Yan, J., Zhang, R., Han, L., et al. (2023) Triptolide Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting Fibrotic Extracellular Matrix Remodeling Mediated by MMPS/lox/integrin. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 166, Article 115394. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Li, X., Wang, Y., Liang, J., Bi, Z., Ruan, H., Cui, Y., et al. (2021) Bergenin Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice via Inhibiting TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway. Phytotherapy Research, 35, 5808-5822. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Li, H., Wang, Y., Chen, T., Gao, Y., Song, L., Yang, Y., et al. (2024) Panax Notoginseng Saponin Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats by Modulating the Renin-Angiotensin System. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 318, Article 116979. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Liu, J., Fan, G., Tao, N., Feng, F., Meng, C. and Sun, T. (2022) Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis by Suppressing Central Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization, Leucine-Rich Repeat, and Pyrin Domains-Containing Protein Three Inflammasome Activation and the NF-κB Pathway. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 16, 1793-1809. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] Ruan, Y., Ren, G., Wang, M., Lv, W., Shimizu, K. and Zhang, C. (2024) The Dual Role of 20(s)-Protopanaxadiol in Alleviating Pulmonary Fibrosis through the Gut-Lung Axis. Phytomedicine, 129, Article 155699. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[39] Ding, D., Shen, X., Yu, L., Zheng, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, W., et al. (2023) Timosaponin BII Inhibits TGF-β Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through Smad-Dependent Pathway during Pulmonary Fibrosis. Phytotherapy Research, 37, 2787-2799. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[40] Ding, Y., Wang, L., Liu, B., Ren, G., Okubo, R., Yu, J., et al. (2022) Bryodulcosigenin Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibiting AMPK-Mediated Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition and Oxidative Stress. Phytotherapy Research, 36, 3911-3923. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Zhang, M., Wang, W., Liu, K., Jia, C., Hou, Y. and Bai, G. (2023) Astragaloside IV Protects against Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis in COPD by Targeting GTP-GDP Domain of RAS and Downregulating the RAS/RAF/FoxO Signaling Pathway. Phytomedicine, 120, Article 155066. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[42] Yuan, S., Zuo, B., Zhou, S., Wang, M., Tan, K., Chen, Z., et al. (2023) Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanism of Astragaloside IV in Treating Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 17, 1289-1302. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[43] Sun, S., Han, R., Hou, S., Yi, H., Chi, S. and Zhang, A. (2020) Juglanin Alleviates Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Fibrosis via Targeting Sting Signaling. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 127, Article 110119. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[44] Liu, N., Fan, X., Shao, Y., Chen, S., Wang, T., Yao, T., et al. (2024) Resveratrol Attenuates Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease via the AKT/TMEM175 Pathway. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22, Article No. 457. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[45] Li, Y., Chen, R., Wu, J., Xue, X., Liu, T., Peng, G., et al. (2023) Salvianolic Acid B Protects against Pulmonary Fibrosis by Attenuating Stimulating Protein 1-Mediated Macrophage and Alveolar Type 2 Cell Senescence. Phytotherapy Research, 38, 620-635. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Yang, T., Pan, Q., Yue, R., Liu, G. and Zhou, Y. (2024) Daphnetin Alleviates Silica-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis by Regulating the PI3K/AKT1 Signaling Pathway in Mice. International Immunopharmacology, 133, Article 112004. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Chen, Y., Liu, H., Han, R., Lin, J., Yang, J., Guo, M., et al. (2024) Analyzing How Simiao Wan Regulates Ferroptosis to Prevent RA-ILD Using Metabolomics and Cyberpharmacology. Phytomedicine, 133, Article 155912. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[48] Ba, X., Wang, H., Huang, Y., Yan, J., Han, L., Lin, W., et al. (2023) Simiao Pill Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis and Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice by Suppressing the JAK2/STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad2/3 Signalling Pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 309, Article 116274. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[49] Xu, Y., Wang, X., Han, D., Wang, J., Luo, Z., Jin, T., et al. (2022) Revealing the Mechanism of Jiegeng Decoction Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis via Pi3k/Akt Signaling Pathway Based on Lipidomics and Transcriptomics. Phytomedicine, 102, Article 154207. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[50] Shuangshuang, H., Mengmeng, S., Lan, Z., Fang, Z. and Yu, L. (2024) Maimendong Decoction Regulates M2 Macrophage Polarization to Suppress Pulmonary Fibrosis via PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a Signalling Pathway-Mediated Fibroblast Activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 319, Article 117308. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[51] Zhou, P., Wu, X., Chen, K., Du, J. and Wang, F. (2024) Buyang Huanwu Decoction Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats by Attenuating the Apoptosis of Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 319, Article 117300. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[52] Feng, Y., Dai, L., Zhang, Y., Sun, S., Cong, S., Ling, S., et al. (2024) Buyang Huanwu Decoction Alleviates Blood Stasis, Platelet Activation, and Inflammation and Regulates the Hmgb1/NF-κB Pathway in Rats with Pulmonary Fibrosis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 319, Article 117088. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[53] Pan, J., Li, Y., Wu, X., Pan, X., Liu, C., Zhang, H., et al. (2024) The Mechanism of Shenlong Jianji Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Inhibits Fibroblast-to-Myofibroblast Transformation via the TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 322, Article 117507. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[54] Li, T., Mao, N., Xie, Z., Wang, J., Jin, F., Li, Y., et al. (2024) Paeoniflorin Mitigates MMP-12 Inflammation in Silicosis via Yang-Yin-Qing-Fei Decoction in Murine Models. Phytomedicine, 129, Article 155616. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[55] Yan, L., Jiang, M. and Fan, X. (2023) Research into the Anti-Pulmonary Fibrosis Mechanism of Renshen Pingfei Formula Based on Network Pharmacology, Metabolomics, and Verification of AMPK/PPAR-Γ Pathway of Active Ingredients. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 317, Article 116773. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[56] Samir, P., Malireddi, R.K.S. and Kanneganti, T. (2020) The Panoptosome: A Deadly Protein Complex Driving Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis (Panoptosis). Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 10, Article 238. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[57] Liang, Y., Yan, Y., Liu, N., Wang, J. and Fang, C. (2024) Shengxian Decoction Improves Lung Function in Rats with Bleomycin-Induced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis through the Inhibition of Panoptosis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 329, Article 118153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[58] Wang, D., Gong, L., Li, Z., Chen, H., Xu, M., Rong, R., et al. (2021) Antifibrotic Effect of Gancao Ganjiang Decoction Is Mediated by PD-1/TGF-β1/IL-17A Pathway in Bleomycin-Induced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 281, Article 114522. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[59] Wang, Y., Sang, X., Shao, R., Qin, H., Chen, X., Xue, Z., et al. (2022) Xuanfei Baidu Decoction Protects against Macrophages Induced Inflammation and Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 283, Article 114701. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[60] Jia, M., Liu, Y., Liu, J., Meng, J., Cao, J., Miao, L., et al. (2024) Xuanfei Baidu Decoction Ameliorates Bleomycin-Elicited Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice by Regulating the Lung-Gut Crosstalk via Ifnγ/STAT1/STAT3 Axis. Phytomedicine, 135, Article 155997. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[61] Ding, L., Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Su, H., Li, Y., Ma, J., et al. (2023) Qimai Feiluoping Decoction Inhibits Mitochondrial Complex I-Mediated Oxidative Stress to Ameliorate Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Phytomedicine, 112, Article 154707. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[62] Shao, D., Liu, X., Wu, J., Zhang, A., Bai, Y., Zhao, P., et al. (2022) Identification of the Active Compounds and Functional Mechanisms of Jinshui Huanxian Formula in Pulmonary Fibrosis by Integrating Serum Pharmacochemistry with Network Pharmacology. Phytomedicine, 102, Article 154177. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[63] Zhang, Z., Deng, X., Gu, W., Jiao, Y., Su, C., Liu, H., et al. (2024) Jianghu Decoction and Its Active Component Polydatin Inhibit Inflammation and Fibrotic Lesions in the Lungs of ILD Mice via the AMPK Signaling Pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 318, Article 117003. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[64] Shi, H., Deng, L., Zhou, Y., Yu, H., Huang, X., Chen, M., et al. (2023) Network Pharmacology and Experiments in Vivo and in Vitro Reveal That the Jia-Wei-Bu-Shen-Yi-Qi Formula (JWBSYQF) and Its Active Ingredient Baicalein Ameliorate BLM-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Mice via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 315, Article 116691. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[65] Zhang, X., Su, J., Lin, J., Liu, L., Wu, J., Yuan, W., et al. (2023) Fu-Zheng-Tong-Luo Formula Promotes Autophagy and Alleviates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Controlling the Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Pathway. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 314, Article 116633. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[66] Wang, Y., He, X., Wang, H., Hu, W. and Sun, L. (2024) Qingfei Xieding Prescription Ameliorates Mitochondrial DNA-Initiated Inflammation in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis through Activating Autophagy. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 325, Article 117820. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[67] Li, H., Zhao, C., Muhetaer, G., Guo, L., Yao, K., Zhang, G., et al. (2022) Integrated RNA-Sequencing and Network Pharmacology Approach Reveals the Protection of Yiqi Huoxue Formula against Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Interfering with Core Transcription Factors. Phytomedicine, 104, Article 154301. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[68] Li, K., Liu, X., Hou, R., Zhao, H., Zhao, P., Tian, Y., et al. (2023) Uncovering Mechanisms of Baojin Chenfei Formula Treatment for Silicosis by Inhibiting Inflammation and Fibrosis Based on Serum Pharmacochemistry and Network Analysis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 260, Article 115082. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[69] 吕园园, 张念志. 张念志教授以肺痹论治结缔组织病相关间质性肺病经验[J]. 甘肃中医药大学学报, 2024, 41(2): 39-43.
[70] 章金曦. 以咳嗽为主的间质性肺疾病患者临床特征和中医证候研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 北京: 北京中医药大学, 2023.
[71] 黄芳, 高卫星, 陈美玲, 等. 自拟保肺膏联合吡非尼酮治疗特发性间质性肺炎的临床观察[J]. 医学理论与实践, 2025, 38(1): 69-72.
[72] 李莉, 申燕华, 苑兴华, 等. 扶正化瘀方联合吡非尼酮治疗特发性肺纤维化的临床疗效研究[J]. 上海中医药大学学报, 2024, 38(1): 52-60.
[73] 宋攀, 周俭, 欧慧萍. 祛风通络方辅助硫酸羟氯喹治疗类风湿关节炎合并间质性肺炎临床效果及安全性的研究[J]. 西北药学杂志, 2025, 40(1): 177-183.