依恋焦虑对大学生学业拖延的影响：孤独感和问题性社交媒体使用的链式中介作用

The Effect of Attachment Anxiety on Academic Procrastination among College Students: The Chain-Mediated Effects of Loneliness and Problematic Social Media Use

摘要: 为了探究依恋焦虑与大学生学业拖延的关系，及孤独感和问题性社交媒体使用在其中的链式中介作用。采用亲密关系经历量表、孤独感量表、问题性移动社交媒体使用量表和学业拖延量表对737名大学生进行调查。通过SPSS21.0进行描述性统计、相关分析和中介效应检验，结果显示：(1) 依恋焦虑、孤独感、问题性社交媒体使用和学业拖延之间两两显著正相关(r = 0.34~0.55, P < 0.01)。(2) 控制了性别和是否独生之后，依恋焦虑对大学生学业拖延的直接影响不显著，而是通过以下三条路径产生间接影响：一是孤独感的中介作用，中介效应值为0.11，占总效应的31.97%；二是问题性社交媒体使用的中介作用，中介效应值为0.16，占总效应的47.47%；三是孤独感–问题性社交媒体使用的链式中介作用，中介效应值为0.02，占总效应的5.99%。可见，依恋焦虑水平高的大学生社会关系适应不良，更容易经受孤独体验，进而过度使用社交媒体，产生学业拖延。

Abstract: This study aims to explore the relationship between attachment anxiety and academic procrastination among college students, as well as the chain-mediated effects of loneliness and problematic social media use. A survey was conducted with 737 college students using the Close Relationships Inventory Scale, the Loneliness Scale, the Problematic Mobile Social Media Use Scale and the Academic Procrastination Scale. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation effect tests were performed by SPSS 21.0: (1) Attachment anxiety, loneliness, problematic social media use, and academic procrastination were all significantly positively correlated (r = 0.34~0.55, P < 0.01). (2) After controlling for gender and one-child status, the direct effect of attachment anxiety on academic procrastination among college students was not significant; but it had an indirect effect through the following three paths: for the mediating effect of loneliness, the mediating effect size was 0.11, accounting for 31.97% of the total effect; for the mediating effect of problematic social media use, the mediating effect size was 0.16, accounting for 47.47% of the total effect; and for the chain-mediated effects of loneliness and problematic social media use, the mediating effect size was 0.02, accounting for 5.99% of the total effect. It is evident that college students with high levels of attachment anxiety have poor social relationship adaptation, are more likely to experience loneliness, and subsequently overuse social media, resulting in academic procrastination.