重庆市医护人员0~3岁婴幼儿养育照护能力调查及提升对策研究

Survey on the Ability of Medical Staff in Nurturing and Nursing for Infants and Young Children Aged 0~3 Years in Chongqing and Research on Improvement Countermeasures

摘要: 目的：探讨重庆市医护人员0~3岁婴幼儿养育照护能力现状并分析存在的问题，为提升医护人员婴幼儿照护能力提出建议。方法：基于养育照护框架，编制医护人员0~3岁婴幼儿养育照护能力自评问卷，采用分层随机整群抽样，对重庆市从事0~3岁婴幼儿照护服务的医护人员进行问卷调查，通过t检验对比区级医疗机构和基层医疗机构得分的差异。结果：重庆市医护人员0~3岁婴幼儿养育照护能力平均分为(6.40 ± 2.42)分，属于良好水平，5个维度中营养照护维度得分(6.99 ± 2.50分)最高，健康照护维度得分(6.26 ± 2.47分)最低；区级医疗机构和基层医疗机构推拿保健能力得分差异有统计学意义(t = −2.164, P < 0.05)。结论：重庆市医护人员0~3岁婴幼儿养育照护能力有待提升，建议加强其健康照护的继续教育，建立跨专业合作提升其儿童心理学知识技能，实施医教结合强化早期学习机会指导，以及加强医疗机构对回应性照护的重视程度。

Abstract: Objective: To discuss the current situation and analyze the problems of medical staff in nurturing and nursing for children aged 0~3 years in Chongqing, and to make suggestions for improving the ability of medical staff in infant and toddler caring. Methods: Based on the nurturing care framework, a self-assessment questionnaire on the nurturing care ability of medical staff for infants and young children aged 0~3 years was compiled, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using stratified randomized whole-cluster sampling on medical staff engaged in the health care services for children aged 0~3 years in Chongqing, and the differences in scores of district-level medical institutions and primary medical institutions were compared by t-tests. Results: The average score of medical staff’s ability in nurturing care for children aged 0~3 years was (6.40 ± 2.42), which was at a good level, and among the five dimensions, the score of nutritional care dimension (6.99 ± 2.50) was the highest, and health care (6.26 ± 2.47) was the lowest; the difference in the scores of district-level and primary medical institutions’ ability to massage therapy was statistically significant (t = −2.164, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The ability of Chongqing medical staff to nurture care for children aged 0~3 years needs to be improved, and It is recommended that continuing education in health care be strengthened, inter-professional collaboration be established to enhance their knowledge and skills in child psychology, the integration of health care and education be implemented to strengthen guidance on early learning opportunities, and the importance of responsive care be strengthened in health care institutions.