昭通机场2024年8月9日雷雨天气诊断分析

Diagnostic Analysis of Thunderstorm Weather at Zhaotong Airport on August 9, 2024

摘要: 本文基于昭通机场的整点观测报文以及NCEP/NCAR提供的FNL全球大气再分析资料，对昭通机场2024年8月一次强对流天气过程的天气学成因进行了诊断分析，得出以下结论：中高层的槽线和地面锋面系统是此次昭通地区强对流天气的主要影响因素。高空槽后的偏北气流引导冷空气南下，与中低层的暖湿气流交汇，并配合地面锋面过境，为强对流天气的发生提供了良好的动力和热力条件。昭通机场上空的低空辐合和高空辐散结构产生了显著的抽吸作用，有利于垂直上升运动的加强和维持，为强对流天气的发生和发展提供了有利的动力条件。昭通地区上空大气层结呈现上干下湿的特征，这为强对流天气的持续发展提供了有利的动力和热力条件。

Abstract: Based on the whole-point observation message of Zhaotong Airport and the FNL global atmospheric reanalysis data provided by NCEP/NCAR, this paper makes a diagnostic analysis of the synoptic causes of a strong convective weather process in Zhaotong Airport in August 2024, and draws the following conclusions: the trough line and surface frontal system in the middle and upper layers are the main influencing factors of the strong convective weather in Zhaotong area. The northerly airflow behind the upper trough guides the cold air to move southward, intersects with the warm and humid airflow in the middle and lower layers, and cooperates with the surface frontal transit, which provides good dynamic and thermal conditions for the occurrence of severe convective weather. The low-level convergence and high-level divergence structure over Zhaotong Airport have a significant suction effect, which is conducive to the strengthening and maintenance of vertical upward motion, and provides favorable dynamic conditions for the occurrence and development of strong convective weather. The atmospheric stratification over Zhaotong area shows the characteristics of upper dry and lower wet, which provides favorable dynamic and thermal conditions for the sustainable development of strong convective weather.