基于多通道热流的核心体温监测探头优化设计

Optimization Design of CBT Monitoring Probe Based on Multi-Channel Heat Flow

摘要: 核心体温是一项重要的人体生理参数，也是医学诊疗的重要依据。临床上需要对患者核心体温进行无创、连续、准确监测。现有热流通道法测量核心体温普遍存在监测探头体积大、热平衡时间长等问题。本文结合生物热传导理论与多源热流耦合机制，设计一种改进的多通道热流法核心体温监测探头。首先，对核心体温监测探头结构进行优化设计，在导热域内引入疏松孔洞提高热流通道温度梯度，提升测温效率；其次，采用拉丁超立方采样与代理模型实验设计方法，在有限实验次数条件下，优选三组热流通道尺寸参数；最后，通过对比分析不同隔热外壳材料的测量精度、成型工艺特性，综合评估选定隔热外壳材料。实验结果表明，经过优化设计的核心体温监测探头，相较于传统不含孔洞结构的监测探头，最大测量误差小于0.2℃，测量时间显著缩短至18~19 min；相较于核心体温监测探头其他同类研究，在保证测温精度的同时，监测探头体积缩小50%，热平衡时间缩短约10分钟。

Abstract: Core body temperature is an important physiological parameter of the human body and a significant basis for medical diagnosis and treatment. Clinically, it is necessary to monitor the core body temperature of patients non-invasively, continuously and accurately. Current thermal flux channel methods for core temperature measurement commonly suffer from issues such as bulky probe dimensions and prolonged thermal equilibrium time. This study integrates bioheat transfer theory with multi-source thermal flux coupling mechanisms to design an enhanced multi-channel thermal flux probe for core temperature monitoring. The design process comprises three systematic phases: First, structural optimization of the probe introduces porous cavities within the thermal conduction domain to amplify temperature gradients in thermal flux channels, thereby improving measurement efficiency. Second, the Latin Hypercube Sampling method combined with surrogate model experimental design identifies optimal dimensional parameters under limited experimental iterations. Third, comprehensive evaluation of thermal insulation shell materials is conducted through comparative analysis of measurement accuracy and molding process characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to non-porous core temperature monitoring probes, the optimized probe reduces thermal equilibrium time to 18~19 minutes while maintaining a maximum measurement error below 0.2˚C. When benchmarked against existing studies on core temperature monitoring probes, the proposed design achieves 50% volume reduction and approximately 10-minute shortening of thermal equilibrium time without compromising measurement precision.