世界遗产视域下农业景观的保护和可持续发展——以红河哈尼梯田文化景观为例

Conservation and Sustainable Development of Agricultural Landscapes from a World Heritage Perspective—A Case Study of the Cultural Landscape of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces

摘要: 作为世界文化遗产和活态文化景观，红河哈尼梯田文化景观维系着一个独特农业生态系统——由森林、水源、梯田及村寨共同构成的“四素同构”体系，蕴含着极其丰富的自然和人文遗产价值。本文从世界遗产旅游的视角下，系统整合了该遗产地的自然、文化和非物质文化遗产资源间协同机制，并选取全球重要农业景观遗产开展对比分析，尤其聚焦于与菲律宾科尔迪莱拉的水稻梯田的比较分析，提炼出可资借鉴的国际经验与发展模式。在此基础上，并针对哈尼梯田文化景观的可持续发展，本文通过实证数据构建设计优化策略，突破该遗产地的“农旅融合”实践局限。最终研究成果构建了一个可复制的社会-生态韧性提升框架，以期为红河哈尼梯田文化景观的生态完整性与区域协调发展提供理论参考和实践路径，同时推动遗产驱动型乡村振兴的跨国性对话。

Abstract: As a world cultural heritage and living cultural landscape, the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces sustain a unique agroecosystem—the “Fourfold Integration” of forests, water, terraces, and villages—embodying exceptional natural and cultural heritage values. From a world heritage tourism perspective, this study systematically examines the synergistic mechanisms between the site’s natural, cultural, and intangible heritage resources. Through comparative analysis with globally significant agricultural heritage landscapes, particularly the Philippine Cordilleras Rice Terraces, it extracts transferable international experiences and development models. On the basis of this, and for the sustainable development of the Cultural Landscape of Hani Rice Terraces, the paper constructs a design optimization strategy through empirical data to break through the limitations of the “agritourism integration” in this heritage site. Ultimately, it constructs a replicable socio-ecological resilience framework, offering theoretical and practical pathways to enhance ecological integrity and regional coordination for the Hani Rice Terraces, while fostering cross-border dialogue on heritage-driven rural revitalization.