富血小板血浆对大鼠皮瓣成活影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on the Survival of Rat Skin Flaps

摘要: 目的：研究富血小板血浆(PRP)对大鼠皮瓣术后成活情况的影响。方法：选取7~8周龄健康成年SD大鼠18只，其中6只大鼠用于制备PRP，其余12只大鼠按照随机数字表法均分为对照组和PRP注射组，每组6只。2组大鼠均建立背部皮瓣模型。PRP注射组在术中于皮瓣基底部注射PRP，对照组按照相同方法注射等量生理盐水。于术后第5天处死大鼠，拍照计算皮瓣坏死比例；采集皮瓣组织，逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测白介素-1β (IL-1β)、白介素-18 (IL-18)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-1 (Caspase-1)的mRNA表达；免疫组化染色评价血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、CD34表达。结果：在术后第5天，与对照组相比，PRP注射组的皮瓣坏死比例明显减少(P < 0.05)，IL-1β、IL-18、Caspase-1的mRNA表达明显降低(P < 0.05)。VEGF、CD34表达明显增加(P < 0.05)。结论：PRP能有效改善大鼠皮瓣的成活。

Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the survival of rat skin flaps after surgery. Methods: Eighteen healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 7~8 weeks were selected. Six of the rats were used to prepare platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The remaining 12 rats were evenly divided into a control group and a PRP injection group according to the random number table method, with 6 rats in each group. A dorsal skin flap model was established in both groups. In the PRP injection group, PRP was injected into the base of the skin flap during the operation, while in the control group, an equal volume of normal saline was injected in the same way. The rats were sacrificed on the 5th day after the operation. Photos were taken to calculate the necrosis ratio of the skin flaps. Skin flap tissues were collected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and cysteine-aspartic acid specific protease-1 (Caspase-1). Immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD34. Results: On the 5^th day after the operation, compared with the control group, the necrosis ratio of the skin flaps in the PRP injection group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and cysteine-aspartic acid specific protease-1 (Caspase-1) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD34 were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: PRP can effectively improve the survival of rat skin flaps.