飞行员兴奋易感性对犹豫不决的影响：风险感知的中介作用

The Impact of Pilots’ Ease of Excitation on Indecisiveness: The Mediating Role of Risk Perception

摘要: 在复杂飞行环境中，飞行员决策直接影响航空安全。本研究基于134名飞行学员数据，探讨兴奋易感性对决策犹豫的影响机制。结果表明：1) 兴奋易感性正向预测犹豫不决水平，高敏感个体因认知资源超载更易出现决策延迟；2) 风险感知起部分中介作用，兴奋易感性通过增强风险敏感性诱发过度评估，干扰决策果断性。研究验证了ABC理论模型：高敏感个体在压力下存在“风险感知–情绪唤醒–行为抑制”效应。为飞行员选拔与培训体系提供理论依据。

Abstract: In complex flight environments, the decisiveness of pilots is crucial to aviation safety. This study explored the impact of ease of excitation on pilots’ indecisiveness and examined the mediating role of risk perception between the two. By analyzing scale data from 134 flight trainees, the findings revealed: 1) Pilots’ level of ease of excitation significantly influenced their indecisiveness, with higher sensitivity associated with more pronounced hesitation tendencies; 2) Risk perception partially mediated the relationship between ease of excitation and indecisiveness, indicating that ease of excitation not only directly affected indecisiveness but also indirectly influenced decision-making decisiveness by amplifying individuals’ perception of risks. The results supported the ABC theoretical model, suggesting that individuals with high ease of excitation exhibit greater sensitivity to risks, potentially leading to overestimation of threats and impaired decisiveness. This study provides new theoretical insights into individual differences in pilots’ decision-making processes and offers scientific guidance for pilot selection and training. Recommendations include identifying highly sensitive individuals, implementing scenario-based simulations, and fostering psychological resilience to enhance decision-making efficiency in high-risk situations, thereby improving aviation safety.