庄周梦蝶之“梦”的审美心理研究

Study on the Aesthetic Psychology of Zhuang Zhou’s Dream of Butterfly

摘要: 庄周梦蝶旨在以“梦”的形式“以形观神”、“以假观真”、“以象观道”，明示“梦”之终境“物化”的关要就在于“观”，主要包含三个方面：一是直观，以物观物，以平等之心通过物象看到其背后的无穷意义和“道”的流动；二是静观，以坐忘、心斋之法，通虚达静，从而触及到永恒的“真”；三是明观，以空明之心立于“道”之环中，明朗万物，以一种从容、自在的态度与“道”同行，与天地共流，与万物为一。从“梦”的审美心理这一角度解构“物化”有助于了解其特点和庄子所追寻的理想生命境界。

Abstract: Zhuang Zhou’s Dream of Butterfly aims to use the form of “dream” to “view God with form”, “view truth with falsehood”, and “view the way with image”, indicating that the key to the final “materialization” of “dream” lies in “materialization”. It is clear that the key to “materialization” of the final state of “dream” lies in “view”, which mainly includes three aspects: first, intuition, viewing objects with an equal heart and seeing behind the objects. The first is intuition, which is to view things with an equal heart and to see the infinite meaning and the flow of the Tao behind them; the second is meditation, which is to use the method of sitting in oblivion and heart fasting to pass through the emptiness and achieve tranquility, so as to touch the eternal “truth”; and the third is enlightenment, which is to stand in the ring of the Tao with an empty and clear mind, and to realize that the Tao has been realized in a clear and bright way. Thirdly, it is a clear view, with an empty and clear mind standing in the ring of “Tao”, clearing all things, walking with “Tao” with a calm and free attitude, flowing together with heaven and earth, and being one with all things. Deconstructing “materialization” from the perspective of the aesthetic psychology of “dream” helps to understand its characteristics and the ideal life realm pursued by Zhuangzi.