论马克思《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中的实践观及其时代价值

On Marx’s View of Practice in Theses on Feuerbach and Its Contemporary Value

摘要: 《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》立足实践批判旧唯物主义的直观性以及唯心主义的抽象性，从本体论、认识论与发展论展开科学实践观的发展内涵。立足本体论，马克思从社会生活的本质与人的本质方面论述实践的重要性。立足认识论，马克思从真理的检验标准与认识的来源与动力论述实践的作用。立足发展论，马克思从人、环境、教育统一的基础与社会矛盾的解决论述实践的功能。马克思科学实践观具有丰富的时代价值，进入新时代，我们要坚持实践为基、知行合一，以人为本、人民至上，实事求是、与时俱进。

Abstract: The Theses on Feuerbach, based on practice, criticized the intuitiveness of old materialism and the abstraction of idealism, and developed the connotation of the scientific view of practice from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology and development theory. From the perspective of ontology, Marx expounded the significance of practice from the essence of social life and the essence of human beings. From the perspective of epistemology, Marx discussed the role of practice from the criteria for testing truth and the source and driving force of cognition. From the perspective of development theory, Marx expounded on the function of practice from the basis of the unity of human beings, the environment and education and the solution of social contradictions. Marx’s scientific view of practice has rich contemporary value. In the new era, we should adhere to practice as the foundation and the unity of knowledge and action, people-oriented and people first, seeking truth from facts and keeping pace with the times.