岱海补水后浮游生物群落变化及鱼产力评估

Assessment of Plankton Community Changes and Fish Productivity after Replenishment in Daihai Lake

摘要: 本研究在内蒙古第三大内陆湖——岱海，通过设置11个采样点，对补水后浮游植物和浮游动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量和生物多样性指数进行了系统调查与分析。研究发现，与2023年相比，2024年硅藻门和裸藻门浮游植物种类有所增加，而浮游动物群落结构也发生了显著变化，节肢动物门种类显著增加，表明补水工程对水体营养条件产生了影响。这些变化不仅反映了水体营养盐浓度和比例的变化，也对水体初级生产力和食物网结构产生了重要影响。在假设浮游生物的P/B比率为2，饵料利用率为30%，饵料系数为50的条件下，岱海的总鱼产力约为245.19 kg。研究结果表明，生态补水工程对岱海渔业资源潜力有积极影响，但为了最大化鱼产力并维持生态平衡，需要制定合理的放养策略和管理措施。本研究为岱海生态系统管理和渔业资源的可持续利用提供了科学依据。

Abstract: In this study, the species composition, abundance, biomass and biodiversity index of phytoplankton and zooplankton were systematically investigated and analyzed at 11 sampling sites in Daihai Lake, the third largest inland lake in Inner Mongolia. It was found that compared with 2023, the phytoplankton species of diatom and gymnophyta increased in 2024, while the community structure of zooplankton also changed significantly, and the species of arthropod increased significantly, indicating that the water replenment project had an impact on the nutrient conditions of the water body. These changes not only reflect the changes in the concentration and proportion of nutrients in water, but also have an important impact on the primary productivity of water and the structure of food web. Under the assumption that the P/B ratio of plankton is 2, the feed utilization rate is 30%, and the feed coefficient is 50, the total fish productivity of Daihai Lake, is about 245.19 kg. The results show that the ecological water replenishment project has a positive impact on the potential of fisheries resources in Daihai Lake, but in order to maximize fish productivity and maintain ecological balance, it is necessary to formulate reasonable stocking strategies and management measures. This study provides scientific basis for ecosystem management and sustainable utilization of fishery resources in Daihai Lake.