数字服务化情景下考虑数据共享的制造企业供应链定价决策

Supply Chain Pricing Decisions for Manufacturing Enterprises Incorporating Data Sharing in the Context of Digital Servitization

摘要: 数字服务化转型背景下，数据资源具有重构供应链权力结构的巨大潜力，制造商与数字服务供应商数据共享以协同发展。基于此背景，本文构建了不同权力结构下考虑数据共享的制造企业供应链博弈模型，将传统供应商决策纳入模型，分别在三种权力结构下，探究供应链定价决策和数据共享决策。研究发现：1) 数据共享效率是供应链决策分水岭，低效共享引发技术退化与价格内卷，高效共享促进技术革新。2) 企业数据价值转化能力的提升推动制造业由产品导向向智能产品服务系统转型，构建“数据–技术–规模”的正向循环。3) 数据共享对供应链利润存在双刃剑效应：高共享效率利好制造商与数字服务供应商，但会挤压传统供应商利润空间，低共享效率则与之相反。4) 供应链权力结构决定数据共享的收益分配格局–制造商主导时独占数据红利，而权力对等时供应商则依托协同平台实现共赢。

Abstract: Under digital servitization, data resources are reshaping supply chain power dynamics through collaborative data sharing between manufacturers and digital service providers. This study constructs a game-theoretic model incorporating traditional suppliers and analyzes pricing strategies and data-sharing mechanisms under three distinct power structures. Key findings reveal: 1) Data-sharing efficiency serves as a watershed for supply chain decisions—Low data-sharing efficiency triggers technological regression and price wars, while high efficiency drives innovation. 2) Improved data utilization accelerates the shift from product-centric models to intelligent service ecosystems, establishing a data-technology-scale virtuous cycle. 3) Data sharing exerts a double-edged sword effect on profits: High sharing benefits manufacturers/digital providers but harms traditional suppliers; low sharing reverses this effect. 4) Power structures determine benefit distribution—manufacturer-dominated scenarios enable data dividend monopolization, while balanced power dynamics facilitate win-win outcomes through collaborative platforms.