基于金刚石氮空位中心–腔系统辅助的研究——超并行量子偏振晶体管

Research Assisted by Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) Center-Cavity Systems—Hyperparallel Quantum Polarization Transistor

摘要: 量子信息是传统信息论与量子物理交叉而形成的新兴学科，近二十年实验和理论的快速发展使人们在量子信息领域取得了非常激动人心的进展，在量子通信与量子计算实用性方面向前迈进了一大步。该领域已经成为最火热的基础研究领域之一。针对光子的量子光学器件是实现光量子信息处理的基本要素之一，且已经有了很多基于光子单一自由度的量子光学器件相关研究。随着实验技术的快速发展，人们已经能实现同时处理光子多个自由度的超并行量子信息处理。相对于单一自由度的处理，超并行量子信息处理具有容量更高、损耗率更低、量子资源消耗更少等优点，但关于光子的超并行量子光学器件的研究还处于初始阶段。本研究利用金刚石氮空位中心(NV)与双边光腔耦合的系统对光子的输入输出关系构建了基于光子空间和偏振自由度的超并行量子偏振晶体管。相比前人的工作，我们在构建超并行量子晶体管的方案中使用了更少的对光子的探测次数，可以节约一些量子资源。主要体现在，考虑到在实验中NV—腔系统对光子的输入输出关系情况下，该超并行量子偏振晶体管依然具有很高的保真度和效率。

Abstract: Quantum information is an emerging discipline formed at the intersection of traditional information theory and quantum physics. The rapid development of experiments and theories in the past two decades has enabled people to achieve very exciting progress in the field of quantum information, taking a big step forward in the practicality of quantum communication and quantum computing. This field has become one of the hottest areas of basic research. Quantum optical devices for photons are one of the fundamental elements for realizing optical quantum information processing, and there have been a lot of research on quantum optical devices based on a single degree of freedom of photons. With the rapid development of experimental technology, people have been able to achieve hyper-parallel quantum information processing that can simultaneously handle multiple degrees of freedom of photons. Compared with the processing of a single degree of freedom, hyper-parallel quantum information processing has the advantages of higher capacity, lower loss rate, and less consumption of quantum resources. However, the research on super-parallel quantum optical devices for photons is still in its initial stage. In this study, a system in which the nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) in diamond is coupled with a bilateral optical cavity is used to construct a hyper-parallel quantum polarization transistor based on the spatial and polarization degrees of freedom of photons for the input-output relationship of photons. Compared with previous works, we use fewer photon detection times, which can save some quantum resources.