TyG指数及其相关衍生指数在心血管疾病中的研究进展
Research Progress on the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Its Related Derivative Indices in Cardiovascular Diseases
摘要: 甘油三酯–葡萄糖指数(Triglyceride-Glucose Index, TyG)作为胰岛素抵抗(IR)的替代标志物，近年来在心血管疾病(CVD)风险评估中的作用日益凸显。本文系统阐述了TyG指数及其衍生指标(如TyG-肥胖联合指数)与心血管疾病发生、发展及预后的关联，探讨其机制、临床应用价值及未来研究方向。通过了解近年研究证据，本文旨在为心血管疾病的早期筛查、风险分层及干预策略提供理论依据。
Abstract: The Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG), serving as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance (IR), has increasingly shown its significance in the risk assessment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in recent years. This article systematically elaborates on the associations between the TyG index and its derivative indicators (such as the TyG-obesity combined index) and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. It also explores the underlying mechanisms, clinical application value, and future research directions. By reviewing the research evidence in recent years, this article aims to provide a theoretical basis for early screening, risk stratification, and intervention strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
文章引用：昌佳倩. TyG指数及其相关衍生指数在心血管疾病中的研究进展[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2025, 4(3): 109-117. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2025.43322

参考文献

[1] Sacco, R.L., Roth, G.A., Reddy, K.S., Arnett, D.K., Bonita, R., Gaziano, T.A., et al. (2016) The Heart of 25 by 25: Achieving the Goal of Reducing Global and Regional Premature Deaths from Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke: A Modeling Study from the American Heart Association and World Heart Federation. Global Heart, 11, 251-264. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Hill, M.A., Yang, Y., Zhang, L., Sun, Z., Jia, G., Parrish, A.R., et al. (2021) Insulin Resistance, Cardiovascular Stiffening and Cardiovascular Disease. Metabolism, 119, Article ID: 154766. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Minh, H.V., Tien, H.A., Sinh, C.T., Thang, D.C., Chen, C., Tay, J.C., et al. (2021) Assessment of Preferred Methods to Measure Insulin Resistance in Asian Patients with Hypertension. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 23, 529-537. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Simental-Mendía, L.E., Rodríguez-Morán, M. and Guerrero-Romero, F. (2008) The Product of Fasting Glucose and Triglycerides as Surrogate for Identifying Insulin Resistance in Apparently Healthy Subjects. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 6, 299-304. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Zhang, J., Zhan, Q., Deng, Z., Lin, L., Feng, Z., He, H., et al. (2025) Does Diabetes Modify the Triglyceride-Glucose Index Associated with Cardiovascular Events and Mortality? A Meta-Analysis of 50 Cohorts Involving 7,239,790 Participants. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, Article No. 42. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] He, H., Xie, Y., Chen, Q., Li, Y., Li, X., Fu, S., et al. (2025) The Synergistic Effect of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and a Body Shape Index on Cardiovascular Mortality: The Construction of a Novel Cardiovascular Risk Marker. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, Article No. 69. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Tang, X., Zhang, K. and He, R. (2025) The Association of Triglyceride-Glucose and Triglyceride-Glucose Related Indices with the Risk of Heart Disease in a National. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, Article No. 54. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Cefalo, C.M.A., Riccio, A., Fiorentino, T.V., Succurro, E., Perticone, M., Cassano, V., et al. (2025) The Triglyceride Glucose (TyG) Index Is Associated with Decreased Myocardial Mechano‐Energetic Efficiency in Individuals with Different Glucose Tolerance Status. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, e70013. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Guerrero-Romero, F., Simental-Mendía, L.E., González-Ortiz, M., Martínez-Abundis, E., Ramos-Zavala, M.G., Hernández-González, S.O., et al. (2010) The Product of Triglycerides and Glucose, a Simple Measure of Insulin Sensitivity. Comparison with the Euglycemic-Hyperinsulinemic Clamp. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 95, 3347-3351. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Samuel, V.T. and Shulman, G.I. (2016) The Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance: Integrating Signaling Pathways and Substrate Flux. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 126, 12-22. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] 范雪松, 莘琳琳, 胡荣, 等. 小而密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病相关性的研究进展[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2021, 55(12): 1507-1512.
[12] 张策, 邹伟. 丝氨酸/丝氨酸激酶信号通路与脑出血关系的研究进展[J]. 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志, 2022, 20(17): 3170-3174.
[13] Molina, M.N., Ferder, L. and Manucha, W. (2015) Emerging Role of Nitric Oxide and Heat Shock Proteins in Insulin Resistance. Current Hypertension Reports, 18, Article No. 1. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] He, G., Zhang, Z., Wang, C., Wang, W., Bai, X., He, L., et al. (2024) Association of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study of 3.5 Million Adults in China. The Lancet Regional Health—Western Pacific, 49, Article ID: 101135. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Yang, Z., Sheng, Y. and Ji, N. (2025) The Predictive Value of Triglyceride-Glucose Index Combined with Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Coronary Heart Disease. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 25, Article No. 10. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Xu, Z., Yan, X., Li, D. and Huang, X. (2025) Triglyceride Glucose Index as a Biomarker for Heart Failure Risk in H-Type Hypertension Patients. Scientific Reports, 15, Article No. 4828. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Sharifi-Zahabi, E., Nasiri, N., Hajizadeh-Sharafabad, F., Sharifi, M. and Saber, A. (2025) Triglyceride-Glucose Index and the Risk of In-Hospital and ICU All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrition & Diabetes, 15, Article No. 8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Cheng, Y., Fang, Z., Zhang, X., Wen, Y., Lu, J., He, S., et al. (2023) Association between Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Retrospective Study. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 22, Article No. 75. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Sun, X., Wu, Z., Guo, D., Chen, S., Song, C., Ran, X., et al. (2025) Triglyceride-Glucose Index as a Superior Marker of Insulin Resistance for Predicting Long-Term Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in China. Scientific Reports, 15, Article No. 6450. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Tuo, J., Li, Z. and Xie, L. (2025) Association between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis. BMC Nephrology, 26, Article No. 61. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Nayak, S.S., Kuriyakose, D., Polisetty, L.D., Patil, A.A., Ameen, D., Bonu, R., et al. (2024) Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Triglyceride Glucose Index: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Meta-Analysis. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 23, Article No. 310. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Zeng, Q., Zhong, Q., Zhao, L., An, Z. and Li, S. (2024) Combined Effect of Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Atherogenic Index of Plasma on Cardiovascular Disease: A National Cohort Study. Scientific Reports, 14, Article No. 31092. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Li, C., Zhang, Z., Luo, X., Xiao, Y., Tu, T., Liu, C., et al. (2025) The Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Its Obesity-Related Derivatives as Predictors of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hypertensive Patients: Insights from NHANES Data with Machine Learning Analysis. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, Article No. 47. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Qiao, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, C., Huang, Y. and Zhao, C. (2025) Association between Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Related Indices and Cardiovascular Diseases and Mortality among Individuals with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Cohort Study of UK Biobank. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 24, Article No. 12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Huang, H., Tian, J., Xu, J., Chen, Q., Cai, M., Lu, H., et al. (2025) Opposite Outcomes of Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Associated Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Participants by Different Obesity Criteria. Scientific Reports, 15, Article No. 2198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Luo, C., Li, Q., Wang, Z., Duan, S. and Ma, Q. (2024) Association between Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database. Frontiers in Nutrition, 11, Article ID: 1399969. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] 乐慧君, 邱燕, 汪道全, 等. 基于ABI量化的分层护理在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者术后护理中的效果[J]. 国际护理学杂志, 2024, 43(22): 4115-4119.
[28] 张高钰, 王子涵, 高雪菲, 等. 基于三酰甘油葡萄糖指数联合血管弹性指标的绝经后女性高血压患者冠心病发生风险模型开发研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2025, 28(1): 39-46.
[29] Miao, M., Zhou, G., Bao, A., Sun, Y., Du, H., Song, L., et al. (2022) Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 21, Article No. 43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Cao, Y., Li, L., Qiu, F., Wen, W., Zhang, H., Chen, Y., et al. (2025) Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Mortality Risks in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Patients: A National Cohort Study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 25, Article No. 180. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Chen, X., Yang, J., Wang, D., Liu, J., Jin, H., Zhang, Y., et al. (2025) Impact of Triglyceride-Glucose Index on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease among Non-Diabetic Hypertension Patients: A 10-Year Prospective Cohort Study. BMC Public Health, 25, Article No. 326. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Xiong, S., Lu, H., Peoples, N., Duman, E.K., Najarro, A., Ni, Z., et al. (2023) Digital Health Interventions for Non-Communicable Disease Management in Primary Health Care in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. NPJ Digital Medicine, 6, Article No. 12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Marso, S.P., Bain, S.C., Consoli, A., Eliaschewitz, F.G., Jódar, E., Leiter, L.A., et al. (2016) Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 375, 1834-1844. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Chen, X. and Chen, P. (2024) Progress in the Study of Mechanisms Clinically Relevant to Insulin Resistance and Lung Cancer. Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer, 27, 755-762.
[35] Hasani, A., Ebrahimzadeh, S., Hemmati, F., Khabbaz, A., Hasani, A. and Gholizadeh, P. (2021) The Role of Akkermansia muciniphila in Obesity, Diabetes and Atherosclerosis. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 70. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Al-Busaidi, A., Alabri, O., Alomairi, J., ElSharaawy, A., Al Lawati, A., Al Lawati, H., et al. (2025) Gut Microbiota and Insulin Resistance: Understanding the Mechanism of Better Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Current Diabetes Reviews, 21, e170124225723. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Ksinantova, L., Koska, J., Kvetnansky, R., Marko, M., Hamar, D. and Vigas, M. (2002) Effect of Simulated Microgravity on Endocrine Response to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia in Physically Fit Men. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 34, 155-159. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] Hariom, S.K. and Nelson, E.J.R. (2024) Cardiovascular Adaptations in Microgravity Conditions. Life Sciences in Space Research, 42, 64-71. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[39] Li, J., Ma, J., Omisore, O.M., Liu, Y., Tang, H., Ao, P., et al. (2024) Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring Using Spatiotemporal ECG and PPG Feature Fusion and Weight-Based Choquet Integral Multimodel Approach. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 35, 14491-14505. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]