地铁预制轨道结构体系乘坐舒适性可靠度评估

Reliability Evaluation of Ride Comfort of Subway Prefabricated Track Structure System

摘要: 本文建立了地铁预制板式无砟轨道结构的有限元模型和地铁列车的多体动力学模型，将两个模型组合成为车–轨耦合模型，进行了仿真模拟计算，并根据仿真结果对地铁列车运行过程中的乘坐舒适性进行了可靠度评估。通过结果来看，相较于正态分布，地铁列车的竖向振动加速度极值更符合极值分布，在120 km/h的速度以下的时候，列车运行过程中乘坐舒适度随列车运行速度的变化不明显，在当前服役状态下，地铁运行过程中的可靠性指标符合规范要求，并表现出较高的安全性和稳定性。但是在超过120 km/h的运行速度之后，地铁乘坐舒适性具有更高的超越概率，地铁列车竖向振动加速度有更大的概率超出限值，可能会影响乘客乘车体验。

Abstract: This paper establishes a finite element model of the subway precast slab ballastless track structure and a multibody dynamics model of the subway train. These two models are combined into a vehicle-track coupling model, which is used for simulation and calculation. Based on the simulation results, the ride comfort of subway trains during operation is evaluated for reliability. The results show that, compared to the normal distribution, the vertical vibration acceleration extremes of the subway train are more consistent with the extreme value distribution. Below a speed of 120 km/h, the change in ride comfort with respect to the train’s speed is not significant. Under the current service conditions, the reliability indices of the subway operation meet the regulatory requirements and exhibit high safety and stability. However, when the operating speed exceeds 120 km/h, the subway ride comfort shows a higher probability of exceeding the limit, and the vertical vibration acceleration of the subway train has a greater likelihood of exceeding the threshold, which may affect the passenger experience.