软土地层中狭长型深基坑施工技术研究

Research on Construction Technology of Long and Narrow Deep Foundation Pits in Soft Soil Strata

摘要: 软土地层中的狭长型深基坑工程因其地质条件复杂、变形控制严格及环境敏感性强，成为土木工程领域的难点。本文选取上海世博地道与海口文明东越江通道两大典型工程，从工程概况、地下水控制、施工组织三个角度进行系统性对比分析。两个项目均位于软土地层，且基坑都是临江而建，地下水丰富。但通过对基坑降水和基坑开挖的精心策划，成功应对承压水风险，并实现了长距离基坑的高效施工。本文结合两地实践经验，分析总结软土地层中狭长型深基坑的核心技术要点，并总结凝练优化建议，为类似工程提供技术参考与优化思路。

Abstract: Long and narrow deep foundation pit projects in soft soil strata are challenging in civil engineering due to their complex geological conditions, strict deformation control requirements and strong environmental sensitivity. This paper selects two typical projects, namely the Shanghai World Expo Tunnel and the Haikou Wenmingdong River Crossing Tunnel, for a systematic comparative analysis from the perspectives of project overview, groundwater control and construction organization. Both projects are located in soft soil strata and their foundation pits are built along rivers with abundant groundwater. However, through meticulous planning of foundation pit dewatering and excavation, the risk of confined water was successfully managed and efficient construction of long foundation pits was achieved. Based on practical experiences from both locations, this paper analyzes and summarizes the key technical points of long and narrow deep foundation pits in soft soil strata, and distills optimization suggestions to provide technical references and optimization ideas for similar projects.