智慧农业技术应用的现实困境与优化路径

The Practical Challenges and Optimization Paths of Smart Agriculture Technology Application

摘要: 智慧农业作为新一代信息技术与农业深度融合的产物，已成为推动农业现代化与乡村振兴的重要引擎。然而，当前我国智慧农业在技术应用过程中仍面临核心技术受制于人、数据要素流动受阻、人才储备不足、基础设施薄弱以及商业模式创新不足等现实困境。本文基于政策导向与实践需求，系统梳理智慧农业技术应用的现状，并剖析其核心问题，提出强化核心技术、构建数据治理体系、完善人才培养机制、推进基础设施均衡化升级及突破商业模式瓶颈等对策，可有效化解智慧农业发展的制约因素，为农业高质量发展提供新动能。

Abstract: Smart agriculture, as a product of the deep integration of new-generation information technology and agriculture, has become an important engine for promoting agricultural modernization and rural revitalization. However, currently, China’s smart agriculture still faces practical challenges in the process of technological application, such as core technologies being controlled by people, data element flow being hindered, insufficient talent reserves, weak infrastructure, and insufficient business model innovation. Based on policy guidance and practical needs, this article systematically reviews the current status of the application of smart agriculture technology, analyzes its core issues, and proposes countermeasures such as strengthening core technologies, building a data governance system, improving talent training mechanisms, promoting balanced upgrading of infrastructure, and breaking through the bottleneck of business models. These measures can effectively resolve the constraints on the development of smart agriculture and provide new impetus for high-quality agricultural development.