微针在糖尿病治疗中的应用进展

Advances in the Application of Microneedle in the Treatment of Diabetes

摘要: 糖尿病是一种在全球范围内广泛存在的慢性代谢疾病，其传统治疗方法存在诸多局限性，如注射疼痛、存在首过效应、患者依从性差等。利用微针技术可以实现经皮给药，具有安全、无痛、微创和稳定释放的独特优势，它的出现为糖尿病的治疗带来了新的希望。本文简述了微针技术的原理、目前已有的微针类型、制备方法及优势，从功能层面总结了其在治疗糖尿病中的具体应用进展，并讨论了微针技术在创新发展和临床实践等方面的挑战及前景。

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that is widespread worldwide, and its traditional treatments have many limitations, such as painful injections, the presence of first-pass effects, and poor patient compliance. The use of microneedle technology enables transdermal drug delivery, which has the unique advantages of safety, painlessness, minimally invasiveness, and stable release, and its emergence brings new hope for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This article briefly describes the principles of microneedle technology, the types of microneedles currently available, their preparation methods and advantages, summarizes the progress of their specific applications in the treatment of diabetes from the functional level, and discusses the challenges and prospects of microneedle technology in terms of innovative development and clinical practice.