双碳目标下ERP-CRM协同对环保企业研发财务风险的影响研究

Research on the Impact of ERP-CRM Integration on R&D Financial Risks in Environmental Protection Enterprises under the Dual Carbon Goals

摘要: 在“双碳”目标推动下，环保企业通过巨额研发投入加速技术创新，但由此引发的资金链紧张、投资回报周期长、市场适配性不足等财务风险日益凸显。本文以企业资源计划(ERP)与客户关系管理(CRM)为切入点，探讨信息化工具在环保企业研发投入财务风险防控中的关键作用。研究发现，ERP系统通过整合研发、财务、市场数据，实现预算动态管控与资源优化配置，从而实现企业通过ERP将研发超支率降低；CRM系统则通过客户需求分层与政策动态追踪，精准指导研发方向选择，企业通过依托CRM将成果转化周期缩短。通过案例与行业数据验证，本文提出“ERP + CRM协同模型”，构建覆盖研发全生命周期的风险管理体系，从流程优化、需求响应、风险预警三方面化解传统财务风险及信息化管理缺失引发的衍生风险，为环保企业平衡技术创新与财务稳健性提供系统性解决方案。

Abstract: Under the impetus of the “Dual Carbon” goals, environmental protection enterprises are accelerating technological innovation through substantial R&D investments. However, this has led to increasingly prominent financial risks, such as tight capital chains, long investment return cycles, and insufficient market adaptability. This paper takes Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) as the entry points to explore the key role of information technology tools in the financial risk control of R&D investments in environmental protection enterprises. The research finds that the ERP system integrates R&D, financial, and market data to achieve dynamic budget control and optimal resource allocation, thereby reducing the R&D cost overrun rate. The CRM system guides R&D direction choices precisely through customer demand stratification and policy dynamic tracking, shortening the technology transformation cycle. Through case analysis and industry data validation, this paper proposes the “ERP + CRM Synergy Model” and constructs a risk management system covering the entire life cycle of R&D. It resolves traditional financial risks and derivative risks caused by the lack of information management from three aspects: process optimization, demand response, and risk warning. This provides a systematic solution for environmental protection enterprises to balance technological innovation and financial stability.