电商平台各类商品与服务消费者知情权范围研究

Research on the Scope of Consumer Right to Know for Various Goods and Services on E-Commerce Platforms

摘要: 随着电子商务的发展，现在消费者可购得的商品与服务种类越来越多，实物商品类包括服饰鞋包、数码家电等，服务类包括现实服务、虚拟服务等。消费者在平台购物时，对各类商品与服务都享有知情权，但对不同种类商品的知情权范围存在差异。有些新兴的商品与服务，现行法律法规未规定消费者的知情权具体范围与界限，市场亦无统一的交易习惯。故而，有经营者在销售商品时，故意以法律法规没有规定消费者在该范围享有知情权而不告知消费者某商品的具体信息，如用料、产地、形状、图案、色彩、构造、售后服务等，有的销售者甚至编制、伪造、故意模糊不清产品信息，使得消费者消费时，损害消费者的权益。对此，笔者认为，应尽快完善相关法律法规，尽可能地明确各类商品和服务中消费者知情权的具体范围。若确实不能或者不好明确统一标准的商品或服务，经消费者请求，确实与消费者利益相关，消费者则享有知情权，经营者应当告知消费者商品或服务的具体信息。

Abstract: With the development of e-commerce, consumers can now purchase more and more types of goods and services. Physical goods include clothing, shoes, bags, digital appliances, etc., while services include real services, virtual services, etc. Consumers have the right to know about all types of goods and services when shopping on the platform, but there are differences in the scope of their right to know about different types of goods. For some emerging goods and services, current laws and regulations do not specify the specific scope and boundaries of consumers’ right to know, and there is no unified trading habit in the market. Therefore, some operators do not inform consumers of specific information about a certain product, such as materials, origin, structure, after-sales service, etc., when selling goods. In this regard, the author believes that relevant laws and regulations should be improved as soon as possible to clarify the specific scope of consumers’ right to know in various types of goods and services. If it is indeed impossible or difficult to establish clear and unified standards for goods or services, and upon request by consumers, it is indeed related to their interests, consumers have the right to know, and operators should inform consumers of specific information about the goods or services.