社会工作介入城市社区居家养老服务的研究

A Study on the Intervention of Social Work in Home-Based Elderly Care Services in Urban Communities

摘要: 随着我国深度老龄化进程加剧，城市社区居家养老成为应对养老挑战的关键场域。研究聚焦社会工作介入社区居家养老服务的现实困境，基于马斯洛需求层次理论、生态系统理论与社会支持理论，系统分析服务供需失衡、资源整合低效、专业支持不足等核心问题。研究提出，通过构建需求导向的精准化服务体系，推动多元主体协同的资源整合机制，完善制度支撑的专业化发展路径，以及营造社区为本的社会支持网络，可有效破解当前服务困境。研究认为，社会工作的专业介入能够优化服务供给结构、激活社区内生资源、提升养老服务专业化水平，为构建可持续的城市社区居家养老模式提供理论与实践参考。

Abstract: With the accelerated progression of deep aging in China, urban community-based home care has become a critical field in addressing elderly care challenges. This study focuses on the practical dilemmas of social work intervention in community-based home care services. Grounded in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, ecosystem theory, and social support theory, it systematically analyzes core issues such as the imbalance between service supply and demand, inefficient resource integration, and insufficient professional support. The study proposes that constructing a demand-oriented, precision-based service system, promoting a multi-agent collaborative resource integration mechanism, improving institutional support for professional development pathways, and fostering a community-based social-support network can effectively address current service challenges. The research argues that professional social work intervention can optimize the service supply structure, activate endogenous community resources, and enhance the professionalism of elderly care services, providing theoretical and practical references for building a sustainable urban community-based home care model.