生物运动情绪感知研究综述

A Review of Research on Emotion Perception in Biological Motion

摘要: 情绪性生物运动以行动为导向传递情感信息，具有显著的社会功能。本文旨在系统梳理生物运动情绪感知的内在机制、感知效应及其在自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)中的表现差异，为深入理解社交互动的神经基础及功能障碍提供理论依据。通过综述国内外相关研究，整合生物运动加工机制、快乐优势效应及ASD患者生物运动情绪感知缺陷的实验证据。研究发现，生物运动情绪感知依赖于颞上沟(STS)和杏仁核等脑区的协同作用，且整体构型与局部运动分别贡献高阶形状信息与低阶运动线索。快乐情绪在生物运动感知中表现出显著优势，表现为更高的识别准确性和注意力调节效应。ASD患者对生物运动的敏感性及情绪识别能力显著受损，且对快乐情绪的识别缺陷尤为突出。未来需进一步探索不同情绪的作用机制、跨文化普适性及ASD干预路径，以深化对社会认知障碍的理解。

Abstract: Emotional biological motion conveys emotional information in an action-oriented manner and plays a significant social role. This paper aims to systematically review the underlying mechanisms of biological motion emotion perception, its perceptual effects, and the differences in its manifestation in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), providing a theoretical foundation for a deeper understanding of the neural basis of social interactions and functional impairments. By reviewing related studies both domestically and internationally, we integrate experimental evidence on the processing mechanisms of biological motion, the happiness advantage effect, and the deficits in biological motion emotion perception in individuals with ASD. The research findings show that biological motion emotion perception relies on the collaborative function of brain regions such as the superior temporal sulcus (STS) and the amygdala. Furthermore, the overall configuration and local motion contribute to high-level shape information and low-level motion cues, respectively. Happiness emotions exhibit a significant advantage in biological motion perception, reflected in higher recognition accuracy and attention regulation effects. Individuals with ASD show significant impairments in sensitivity to biological motion and emotion recognition abilities, with particularly notable deficits in recognizing happy emotions. Future research should further explore the mechanisms of different emotions, cross-cultural generalizability, and intervention pathways for ASD to deepen our understanding of social cognitive impairments.