论巴拉德的《空穴来风》中物的主体性和对人类中心主义的批判

The Subjectivity of Things and the Critique of Anthropocentrism in James Graham Ballard’s The Wind from Nowhere

摘要: 巴拉德的《空穴来风》是一部以生态为主题的自然灾害小说。小说讲述了科学家唐纳德·梅特兰博士在一场毁灭性飓风中试图逃生的冒险经历，故事最终以狂风的减弱和留下的致命伤亡告终。本文主要聚焦小说中具有力量且神秘的“物”、小说的去中心化叙事与非人类叙事以及小说中的代表性人物哈顿，旨在揭示巴拉德如何利用自然灾难、小说中的“物”和人物情节设置来批判西方人类中心主义，为构建地球共同体提供重要启示，以促进人类世下地球生态系统的健康存续。

Abstract: Ballard’s The Wind from Nowhere is a novel about natural disasters with an ecological theme. The novel follows the adventures of Dr. Donald Maitland, a scientist, as he tries to escape from a devastating hurricane, and the story ends with the weakening of the winds and the fatal casualties left behind. This paper focuses on the powerful and mysterious “objects” in the novel, the novel’s decentered and non-human narrative, and the novel’s iconic character, Hartoon, with the aim of revealing how Ballard utilizes natural disasters, the novel’s “objects”, and the characters’ plot settings to criticize Western anthropocentrism and to provide important insights into the construction of an Earth community for the healthy survival of the Earth’s ecosystem in the Anthropocene.